5. a) How does the potential barrier form in a pn junction form? Describe briefly and show the energy band diagram. b) Consider a GaAs pn junction at T = 300K with Na = 5×1014 cm-³ and Na = 2x1017 cm-³. Intrinsic carrier concentration, n; = 1.8×10°cm-³. Determine the built in potential barrier voltage, Với - If the temperature is increased to T = 400K, what change does take place in Vri - Assume the following parameters: Nc = 4.7×1017cm3 at T = 300K, Ny = 7×1019 cm-3 at T = 300K, Eg = 1.42eV.

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Latches and Flip Flop

Just like logic gates, the latches and flip-flops are the important elements of an electronic circuit. The logic gates form the important part of combinatorial circuits, while the latches and flip-flops form the essential part of a sequential circuit. Sequential circuits form the important concept of automata theory in electronics and electrical engineering, these circuits are a kind of logic circuit whose output depends on both present input and past inputs, that is, the input history.