(a) Briefly describe the relationship between intracellular malonyl- CoA levels in the liver and the control of ketogenesis. (b) Describe how the action of glucokinase helps the liver to buffer the level of blood ghucose.

Q: List the metabolic effects of epinephrine and the sympathetic nerves to the liver and adipose…

A: Epinephrine is a stimulating hormones and it convert the store glycogen in adipose tissue to…

Q: Please explain the role of pantothenic acid-derived CoA as a carrier of acetyl group in carbohydrate…

A: Coenzyme A is required for the metabolism of carbohydrates. Pantothenic acid is the prescursor of…

Q: Name three enzymes and/or genes that you will evaluate in order to verify increased de novo…

A: Lipogenesis is a metabolic pathway in which conversion of acetyl CoA to triglycerides happen. It…

Q: Define the role of pancreatic amylase ?

A: The digestive system of the human body mainly comprises ten organs. This is the most complicated and…

Q: If blood sugar level exceeds the normal range, what process could occur in the liver to lower the…

A: Answer: Introduction: At the time of a meal, when liver will store sugar, or glucose, as glycogen…

Q: Explain how appetite is controlled by the brain. What is the benefit ofhaving a hormone released…

A: The region in the brain known as hypothalamus contains several nuclei that combines peripheral…

Q: Can the intake of alanine, glycine, and serine relieve hypoglycemia caused by starvation? Explain.

A: Hypoglycemia- When the blood glucose level is less than normal level of glucose the condition result…

Q: Which fatty acids help promote bile acid synthesis?

A: Which fatty acids help promote bile acid synthesis? Answer.  Omega 3

Q: What happens to ketone body production during cases of prolonged hypoglacemia?

A: Hypoglacemia is a condition occurring in a body where in the blood glucose levels falls below a…

Q: Can fat be digested and absorbed in the absence of bile salts? Explain.a

A: In humans, fat or lipid digestion begins when the chyme from the stomach reaches the small…

Q: Under what circumstances might the appetite-suppressing action of leptin be counterproductive?

A: Leptin is the specific hormone to control hunger. it is made up of adipose cell and the cells of…

Q: Define the term enterokinase?

A: Enzymes are proteinaceous structures that catalyze biochemical reactions without themselves…

Q: How do the liver and adipose tissue metabolize glucose during the absorptive state?

A: The fraction of the absorbed amino acids are taken up by the liver on the other hand the amino acids…

Q: Which one of the following statements concerning gluconeogenesis is correct? a. It is inhibited by…

A: Metabolic pathways play an important role in preserving the functions and different processes of the…

Q: Discuss the activation of pancreatic enzyme precursors in thesmall intestine?

A: The exocrine part of pancrease secrete pancreatic juice which is carried by main pancreatic duct…

Q: Ketone bodies are exported from liver for use by other tissues. Because many tissues can synthesize…

A: Introduction: Ketone bodies are water-soluble and energy-generating compound. For Example; acetone,…

Q: Differentiate between Oxidative deamination and transamination of the amino-acids?

A: Amino acids are a class of essential biomolecules that are the building blocks of proteins. There…

Q: Discuss ketogenesis in details and also specify the ketone bodies.

A: Ketone bodies are ketone-containing lipid molecules that are used as alternative energy sources for…

Q: For each of the following vitamins, indicate its principal function and the effect(s) of deficiency:…

A: Step 1 Vitamins - They are complex organic compounds of diversified chemical nature. It may be…

Q: describe how fasting is associated with the stimulation of both gluconeogenesis and lipolysis

A: Introduction: Fasting can refer to the metabolic state of a person who has not eaten for 24 hours or…

Q: Write the equation for the hydrolysis of a triacylglycerol composed of stearic acid, oleic acid, and…

A: Lipases are enzymes that help digest lipids in the small intestine. Pancreatic lipase is secreted by…

Q: How do the pathways for the synthesis and breakdown of glycogen differ in liver and muscle? How does…

A: In stressful conditions/fasting/starvation when the blood glucose level is low, some…

Q: In upper gastrointestinal bleeding, without knowing the cause or source of bleeding, why do we give…

A: The main purpose of administration of a PPI is to reduce the acid production inside the stomach.…

Q: Describe the mechanism of action of salivary amylase. Explain how it works and on what type of…

A: Carbohydrate along with protein, fat and water comprise macro-molecules which are required in larger…

Q: Trace the pathway taken by bile acids from the liver andback. What is this pathway called?

A: Bile acids and the liver represent the biliary system. It consists mainly of two organs (liver and…

Q: Discuss the Significance of pancreatic lipase.

A: note: since you have posted multiple questions we have answered the first question for you. if you…

Q: Release of Acetyl CoA from the ketoacy| CoA is catalyzed by

A: First question answer is option c- thiolases,

Q: Describe the fate of fatty acids absorbed by enterocytes based on the reaction with…

A: The majority of the fats in the diet exist as triacylglycerol. They are hydrolyzed into…

Q: What is the origin of the triacylglycerols transported by very low-density lipoproteins?

A: Very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) carry about 47% triglycerides and 53% cholesterol in the body.…

Q: Lysine is degraded to acetoacetyl-CoA then to acetyl-CoA, and is described as a ­­­­_______ amino…

A: Lysine and arginine are broken down into acetoacetyl CoA and Acetyl CoA respectively. The process…

Q: List the steps in the digestion of dietary triacylglycerols and their transport into the…

A: Chylomicrons are in the intestinal cells and relay lipids from the digestive tract and mix them in…

Q: All of the following are true with respect to alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, except:A. It inhibits…

A: Diabetes type 2 is adult-onset diabetes and is identified by a high level of sugar in the blood,…

Q: The products of bile acid synthesis are _____________ and _____________.

A: Bile juice/ acid is produced by liver and its help in emulsification of fats. Bile also helps to…

Q: What is the function of each of the following substances: AMPK, lipoprotein lipase, and hormone…

A: AMPK senses low cellular ATP and gets activated. Lipoprotein lipase is present in capillary walls of…

Q: Discuss the 3 mechanisms of abnormal carbohydrates metabolism that result in the development of…

A: Acetone, beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate are three ketone bodies. Acetyl CoA is the precursor…

Q: What is the mechanism of the effect of urea as an inhibitor and NaCl as an activator in the activity…

A: α-Amylases  are ubiquitous enzymes synthesized in all life genera. These enzymes can hydrolyze…

Q: What metabolic and hormonal changes account for decreased gluconeogenesis during the first several…

A: Gluconeogenesis: Metabolic pathway that produces glucose through non-carbohydrate carbon…

Q: Describe how the glucose-alanine cycle acts to transportammonia to the liver

A: Introduction: The Cahill cycle, also known as the alanine cycle or the glucose-alanine cycle, is a…

Q: List the seven metabolites that represent the end products of amino acid catabolism. Which are…

A: Every amino acid has an amino group and a carboxyl group. Both groups are at two different ends.…

Q: Briefly describe the process of digestion and metabolism of dietary fatty acids.

A: Fatty acids are the simplest form of lipid that are long-chain hydrocarbons attached to a carboxylic…

Q: Why can't the adult liver metabolize ketone substances? Discuss.

A: Introduction: The energy-yielding substances that are water-soluble are the ketone bodies.

Q: Describe the digestive role of chymotrypsin. Which two other digestive enzymes of the same category…

A: Introduction  Chymotrypsin is the protease enzymes more specifically serine proteases. They are…

Q: for which purpose salivary amylase helps in?

A: Enzymes are a protein that acts as biological catalysis. Catalysts accelerate chemical reactions.…

Q: Briefly describe the components of the four major types of lipoproteins and explain the function of…

A: Introduction: The chemical processes that keep the body of a live organism sustainable are referred…

Q: Discuss the central role of glutamate in nitrogen metabolism in both muscle and the liver.

A: Many of the α-amino acids' amino groups are accumulated in the liver as the amino group of…

Q: Predict the physiological effects of a mutation that resulted in a deficiency of enteropeptidase.

A: Enteropeptidase is a proteolytic enzyme produced by intestinal mucosal epithelial cells. They brings…