(a) if it is found that the number doubles in 6 hours, how many may be expected at the end of 18 hours? (b) If there are 10^2 at the end of 4 hours and 8(10^2) at the end of 8 hours, how many were at the beginning?
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- In growing E.coli, why is that (reasons) they do not grow after doubling time under 20 degrees celsius and under 37 degrees celsius, the number of colonies after doubling time has decreased?What would the final concentration of a bacteria culture be if 2.7 x 106 cells/ml were diluted 8.2 x 10-2? What would the initial concentration of a bacteria culture be if the final concentration was 3.7 x 102 cells/ml and the total dilution was 4.6 x 10-4?) If you counted 500 CFU’s in the petri dish for number 6 and 5000 CFU’s in petri dish for number 7, what would be the most justifiable explanation for this? 19) If the original sample’s concentration was 12 bacterial cells, what do you expect the count to be?
- If the temperature of the incubator were to be increased from 35 to 45°C, how would this affect the bacterial growth curve of E. coli?Suppose 1,000 bacteria are inoculated into a tube of a minimal salt medium where they double once an hour and 10 cells are inoculated into a rich medium, where they double every 20 minutes. Which tube will have more cells in 2 hours? In 4 hours?given a phage lysate with 10^11 pfu/ml and a bacterial culture with 10^8 cfu/ml, how would you obtain MOI =0.1 ?
- Strain X. spp. is a rod-shaped, anaerobic, Gram-positive bacterium with peritrichous flagella and pili that could use glucose and dye as its sole carbon source. Answer the following sections (a, b and c). a) With a doubling time of 240 minutes and a starting population size of 10 bacteria cells. How many bacteria cells will be present after 72 hours, assuming no cell death? b) Draw the diagram and describe motility required for the bacteria to gradient concentration of attractant (food)? c) Draw the diagram of the up flow packed-bed column biofilm reactor under continuous operation and label completelyStrain X. spp. is a rod-shaped, anaerobic, Gram-positive bacterium with peritrichous flagella andpili that could use glucose and dye as its sole carbon source. Answer the following sections (a, band c).a) With a doubling time of 240 minutes and a starting population size of 10 bacteria cells. Howmany bacteria cells will be present after 72 hours, assuming no cell death?b) Draw the diagram and describe motility required for the bacteria to gradient concentrationof attractant (food)?In an experiment to calculate the decimal reduction time for an Escherichia coli culture, viable cells were exposed to a constant temperature of 80°C for a set amount of time. After exposure, the remaining number of surviving cells were counted. Based on Table 1, what is the decimal reduction time?Table 1. Decimal Reduction Time for E. coli Heated to 80°C Total time of exposure (minutes): Number of Microbial Cells Present: 0 100 1 80 3 50 4 42 6.5 26 13 10 21 0
- What are the defining characteristics of the exponential/log phase of the bacterial growth curve. Explain the culture conditions that arise that cause the phase to end. In different culture media, and the exact same starting inoculum, will the end of exponential/log occur at the same time? Why or why not? A graph or a drawing of the growth curve would help but is not essential to answer this question.If a bacterium has a generation time of 30 minutes, and you start with 100 cells at time 0, how many cells will you have in 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes?E.coli was incubated with aeration in a nutrient medium containing two carbon sources provided one at a time, and the following growth curve was made from this culture. a. Explain what happened at the time marked x. b. Which substrate provided “better” growth conditions for the bacteria? How can you tell?
