a. Consider the symmetric information case. Will the bond be issued? b. Consider the asymmetric information case. The savers do not know which firm they are dealing with, A or B. They know that it is A with probability 0.6 and B with probability 0.4. Will the bond be issued?
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- You have $1,000 that you can invest. If you buy Ford stock, you face the following returns and probabilities from holding the stock for one year: with a probability of 0.2 you will get $1,500; with a probability of 0.4 you will get $1,100; and with a probability of 0.4 you will get $900. If you put the money into the bank, in one year’s time you will get $1,100 for certain. a) What is the expected value of your earnings from investing in Ford stock? b) Suppose you are risk-averse. Can we say for sure whether you will invest in Ford stock or put your money into the bank?Sam, after taking a $200 loan from the bank to finance an investment that pays $1000 50% of the time and $0 50% of the time at a 100% interest, discovers another riskier investment that pays out $5,000 but only 10% of the time, while the other 90% of the time it pays zero. Would the he want to switch to the riskier investment? Question 4 options: Yes because his return has increased No because his liability to the bank has increased No because his return has decreased None of the above3. Assume W(F)=F². Probability of sun is 2/3 and hurricane, 1/3. Plot the IC that runs through Fs, Fh=(400, 400). Plot the constant expected consumption line that run through the same point. Is this person risk neutral or risk averse?
- Uncertainty and willingness to pay for insurance. Utility = (Wealth)1/3 Prob(flood) = .04 Prob(no flood) = .96 Total wealth if flood = $100,000. Total Wealth if no flood = $800,000. Find: (i) expected value, (ii) expected utility, (iii) certainty equivalent, and (iv) maximum willingness to pay for a policy that provides 100% flood insurance coverage. Draw the utility function and include all solved values on the diagram. What is the average gross profit per insurance customer, if each customer is charged his own maximum willingness to pay?Q1) An expected utility maximiser owns a car worth £60000£60000 and has a bank account with £20000£20000. The money in the bank is safe, but there is a 50%50% probability that the car will be stolen. The utility of wealth for the agent is u(y)=ln(y)u(y)=ln(y) and they have no other assets. Q2) Consider the setup from Question 1. A risk-neutral insurance company is willing to insure the car at the premium of π=£2/3π=£2/3 for every one pound of coverage. Q3) Consider the setup from Questions 1 and 2. How much profits, in expectation, does the insurance company earn on insuring the individual?Problem 3 There are two types of banks, A and B. Each bank has 20 loans. Each loan of type A bank generates $500 with probability 0.9 and $200 with probability 0.1, and these cash flows are independently distributed. Each loan of the type B bank generates $600 with probability 0.4 and $200 with probability 0.6, and these cash flows are independently distributed, too. Suppose that the bank XYZ is type A. However, the investors believe that XYZ is type A with probability 0.3 and type B with probability 0.7. Ignore investors’ opportunity cost of investment (or assume that that the risk-free interest rate is 0%.) The investors are risk neutral. Consider the following securitization options for the bank XYZ. 1. Suppose XYZ wants to securitize the portfolio of loans as a two-class bond. • If the class 1 bondholders would be promised certain payoff for sure, what is the amount the bank should promise? What is the market price of the class 1 bond? • If the class 2 bondholders are…
- Q.2 - While calculating risk, what are the 3 situations that prevail in the economy? (URGENT)5. An individual has a utility function given by (W) - √W, and initial wealth of $100. If he plays a costless lottery in which he can win or lose $10 at the flip of a coin, compute his expected utility. What is the expected gain? Will such a person be categorized as risk neutral?An investor is considering three strategies for a $1,000 investment. The probable returns are estimated as follows: • Strategy 1: A profit of $10,000 with probability 0.15 and a loss of $1,000 with probability 0.85 • Strategy 2: A profit of $1,000 with probability 0.50, a profit of $500 with probability 0.30, and a loss of $500 with probability 0.20 • Strategy 3: A certain profit of $400 Which strategy has the highest expected profit? Explain why you would or would not advise the investor to adopt this strategy.
- The Healthcare Managers Team Challenge Question: Considering the same graph above, and assume that the probability of a hurricane in Springfield is 23% this coming summer: a) calculate the expected wealth and utility of the Simpson's residence; b) explain why Homer Simpson is likely to buy insurance, or why he might not be wanting to buy insurance. Note that if the hurricane takes place the value of the Simpsons' wealth will be $10,000. but if there is no hurricane, their wealth will remain at $20,000.A person has an expected utility function of the form u(w) = w0.5 . He initially has wealth of $4. He has a lottery ticket that will be worth $12 with probability 1/2 and will be worth $0 with probability 1/2. What is his expected utility? What is the lowest price p at which he would part with the ticket?5. Investor attitudes toward risk Suppose an investor, Erik, is offered the investment opportunities described in the table below. Each investment costs $1,000 today and provides a payoff, also described below, one year from now. Option Payoff One Year from Now 1 100% chance of receiving $1,100 2 50% chance of receiving $1,000; 50% chance of receiving $1,200 3 50% chance of receiving $200; 50% chance of receiving $2,000 If Erik is risk averse, which investment will he prefer? The investor will choose option 1. The investor will choose option 2. The investor will choose option 3. The investor will be indifferent toward these options. Suppose the market risk premium is currently 6%. If investors were to become more risk-averse, the market risk premium might increase to 8%. What effect would you expect this to have on the prices of most financial assets? Prices would be unaffected. Prices would decrease. Prices would increase.