As we have seen in this chapter, carbon-carbon double bonds are electron-rich regionsthat are attacked by electrophiles (e.g., HBr); they are not attacked by nucleophiles(e.g, diethylamine).electrophilicadditionHBr +Br(a racemic mixture)Et,NH +No reactionDiethylamine(a nucleophile)However, when the carbon-carbon double bond has a carbonyl group adjacent to it, thedouble bond reacts readily with nucleophiles by nucleophilic addition nucleophilicadditionEt,NH +Et,NDiethylamine(a nucleophile)Account for the fact that nucleophiles add to a carbon-carbon double bond adjacent to acarbonyl group and account for the regiochemistry of the reaction.

Concepts: Electrophile : It is positively charged species which accepts electron pair from…

Answered: As we have seen in this chapter,…

Organic Chemistry

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305580350

Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote

Publisher:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote

Chapter16: Aldehydes And Ketones

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 16.69P

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Explain why the alkyl halide shown here reacts much more rapidly with guanine than does a primary alkyl halide (such as pentyl chloride). The alkyl halide can react with two guanines, each in a different DNA chain, thereby cross-linking the chains. Propose a mechanism for the cross-linking reaction.
so we know that fischer esterification is a type of organic reaction that involves the formation of an ester from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst. am I correct to assume that a fisher esterification mechanism would look different than the above nucleophilic addition reaction? If they are different you you present the Fisher esterification mechanism of the reaction of acetic acid with pentanol in the presence of an acid catalyst, sulfuric acid and explain the mechanism
Step 2 of the iodination of benzene shows water acting as a base and removing a proton from the sigma complex. We did notconsider the possibility of water acting as a nucleophile and attacking the carbocation, as in an electrophilic addition to an alkene.Draw the reaction that would occur if water reacted as a nucleophile and added to the carbocation. Explain why this type ofaddition is rarely observed.
It is typically very difficult to do a substitution reaction on an aromatic ring when the leaving group is flanked by two other bulky substituents. Moreover, in Section 22.3, we found that nucleophilic aromatic substitution requires strongly electron-withdrawing groups on the benzene ring. However, Pd-catalyzed coupling allows entry into such products. As examples, write the products of the following reactions and state which coupling reaction is being utilized.
PLEASE ASAP Major products for electrophilic addition transformations. Clearly show stereochemistry where appropriate (using wedged or dashed bond lines, or by writing axial or equatorial bonds). If no reaction is expected, write “NR”.
In the reactions given below, write to which organic molecule Y, Z, T, A ‘belongs, and give information about the reaction types that take place.
HELP ASAP! please write out mechanism and reagants/reactants for this
Fill in the missing reactant along with optically active or racemic name and what reaction it goes by E1, E2, SN1, OR SN2
For the given SN2 reaction, draw the organic and inorganic products of the reaction, and identify the nucleophile, substrate, and leaving group.
Tributyltin hydride (Bu3SnH) is used synthetically to reduce alkyl halides, replacing a halogen atom with hydrogen. Free-radical initiators promote this reaction, and free-radical inhibitors are known to slow or stop it. Your job is todevelop a mechanism,
The rate law for addition of Br2 to an alkene is first orderin Br2 and first order in the alkene. Does this informationsuggest that the mechanism of addition of Br2 to analkene proceeds in the same manner as for addition of HBr?Explain.
In SN2 reactions of haloalkanes, the order of reactivity is RI>RBr>RCl>RF. Alkyl iodides are considerably more reactive than alkyl fluorides, often by factors as great as 106. All 1-halo-2,4-dinitrobenzenes, however, react at approximately the same rate in nucleophilic aromatic substitutions. Account for this difference in relative reactivities.

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