Calculate for the following based on complete oxidation of 5 molecules of trisaccharide containing 2 hexoses and 1 triose. a. Total number of ATP produced= b. Total number of CO2 released= c. Total number of ATP from oxidative phosphorylation= d. Total number of ATP from NADH= e. Total number of ATP from substrate level of phosphorylation in Glycolysis=
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- Show summary computation in a table Net ATP yield for complete oxidation of 1 mol of mannose to CO2 and H2O (using both Malate-Aspartate and Glycerol-3-Phosphate Shuttles)Show summary computation in a table Net ATP yield for complete oxidation of 1 mol of galactose to CO2 and H2O (using both Malate-Aspartate and Glycerol-3-Phosphate Shuttles)a. Use the values in Problem 23.31 to calculate the energy change in the following reaction. fructose 1,6-bisphosphate + ADP--------> fructose 6-phosphate + ATP b. Is this reaction energetically favorable or unfavorable? c. Write this reaction using curved arrow symbolism. d. Can this reaction be used to synthesize ATP from ADP? Explain.
- Under standard conditions, NADH reoxidation by the electron-transport chain has a free-energy change equal to –220 kJ/mol. With 100% efficiency, how many ATP could be synthesized under standard conditions? What is the "actual" efficiency given these numbers?Considering the complete oxidation of an 18-C fatty acid. Give the answer for the following question.a. How many rounds of beta-oxidation is needed?b. How many NADH molecules are produced in beta-oxidation only?c. How many FADH2 molecules are produced in beta-oxidation only?d. How many Acetyl Co-A are produced?What is the total ATP yield from the oxidation of arachidonic acid? Show your calculations.
- Given the following information on reduction potentials, calculate the standard free energy in kJ/mol based on your understanding of electron transfer through the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Round to nearest whole number. Lipoamide + 2H+ + 2e- → dihydrolipoamide ∆εο = -0.29 FAD + 2H+ + 2e- → FADH2 ∆εο = −0.01If palmitic acid is subjected to complete combustion in a bomb calorimeter, one can calculate a standard free energy of combustion of 9788 kJ/mol. From the ATP yield of palmitate oxidation, what is the metabolic efficiency of the biological oxidation, in terms of kilojoules saved as ATP per kilojoule released? (Ignore the cost of fatty acid activation.)Complete the balanced equation for the overall reaction by selecting an answer choice in the brackets. Sucrose + [2 Pi, 4Pi]+[4 ADP, 2 ADP, 4 ATP, 2ATP]+[2 NAD+, 4 NAD+, 6 NAD+]+[H2O, 5 H2O, 3 H2O] --> [2 cirate, 2 oxaloacetate, 2 pyruvate, 2 acetyl-coA]+[4 ADP, 2 ADP, 4 ATP, 2ATP] + [2 NAD+, 4 NAD+, 6 NAD+] + [2H+, 8H+, 6 H+, 4 H+, 10 H+] Does the commercial process require aerated culture medium—that is, is this a fermentation or an aerobic process? A. a fermentation process, because A. niger cells must use O2O2 to continuously regenerate NAD+ B. an aerobic process, because A. niger cells must use O2O2 to continuously regenerate NAD+ C. a fermentation process, because A. niger cells cannot use O2O2 to continuously regenerate NAD+ D. an aerobic process, because A. niger cells cannot use O2O2 to continuously regenerate NAD+
- Consider a 24:1 △cis-9 fatty acid in the mitochondrion. For each fatty acid given, determine the following. 1. Gross ATP from b-oxidation cycles 2. Gross ATP from acetyl CoA produced 3. Gross ATP from conversion of propionyl CoA (if applicable) 4. Total number of ATP deducted 5. Total net ATPDraw the mechanism for the complete oxidation of a C-7 saturated fatty acid. Indicate the yield of ATP equivalents assuming there are 8 c-subunits in the ATP synthase, and NADPH = NADH.Does the complete oxidation of tridecanoic acid (C13:0) make more ATP than the complete oxidation of 9-tetradecenoic acid (C14:1, Δ9) inside human body? Show your calculation.