Carbohydrates and proteins each generate 4kcal/g when oxidized in the bomb calorimeter but in actuality proteins generate much less energy ( approximately 60%) when looking at ATP generation through oxidation. Describe what factors impact the utilization of protein versus carbohydrate and why the ATP generation is less.

Carbohydrates and proteins each generate 4kcal/g when oxidized in the bomb calorimeter but in actuality proteins generate much less energy ( approximately 60%) when looking at ATP generation through oxidation. Describe what factors impact the utilization of protein versus carbohydrate and why the ATP generation is less.

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter24: Lipid Biosynthesis

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 7P: Understanding the Stoichiometry of Cholesterol Synthesis Write a Balanced, stoichiometric reaction...

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Chemistry List the reversible and irreversible steps in glycolysis. For each of them, provide an approximate value of (nonstandard) free energy change. Explain why glycolysis is a favorable process overall
Consider the oxidation of this compound:C3H5O3(OC4H7)3 + 18.5O2 → 15CO2 + 13H2O + 1, 941 kcal.a) Find the respiratory exchange ratio (RER), calorific equivalent, and energy release if theO2 is 2 liters/min. Are these values representative of fat? Why or why not? b) If the activity involves running for 45 minutes, how much kcal is expended?
Compare the ATP yield from the complete oxidation of glucose, a sixcarbon carbohydrate, and hexanoic acid, a six-carbon fatty acid. Hexanoic acid is also called caprioic acid and is responsible for the “aroma” of goats. Why are fats better fuels than carbohydrates?
Consider the fatty acids: (a) Arachidic acid (C20H40O2); molar mass = 312.5 g/mol) (b) Palmitoleic acid(C16H30O2); molar mass = 256.4 g/mol). i. How many cycles of β -oxidation are needed for complete oxidation?ii. How many molecules of acetyl CoA are formed from its complete catabolism?iii. Calculate the number of molecules (moles) of ATP formed (net) by the completecatabolism of each fatty acid (show your calculation).iv. Calculate number of moles of ATP formed per gram of each fatty acid metabolized.
Calculate the ATP yield from full oxidation of the fatty acids from a triglyceride with 3, 22 carbon fatty acid molecules
Undergoing moderate activity, an average person will generate about 350 kJ of heat per hour. Using the heat of combustion of palmitic acid (ΔH = -9977.6 kJ/mol) as an approximate value for fatty substances, estimate how many grams of fat would be required per day to sustain this level, if all were burned for heat.
Compare the cellular energy (e.g. ATP) required and produced when glycogen is synthesize and hydrolyzed, respectively. Do the same for a molecular of triglyceride that contains three palmitoyl chains. Which seems to be the better way to store energy? Explain.
With basic knowledge and understanding in biochemical energy production now, recall your last meal, which were the sources of carbohydrate and how much ATP do you think is produced from that carbohydrate source you've taken?
Chemistry Choose reaction #6 or #10 in glycolysis and write out the complete reaction. Then, answer the following questions about this reaction. Explain your reasoning for each answer. a. Is it coupled? b. Is it catalyzed by a transferase or an oxidoreductase or neither? c. Is Q > or < or ≈ to K?
If palmitic acid is subjected to complete combustion in a bomb calorimeter, one can calculate a standard free energy of combustion of 9788 kJ/mol. From the ATP yield of palmitate oxidation, what is the metabolic efficiency of the biological oxidation, in terms of kilojoules saved as ATP per kilojoule released? (Ignore the cost of fatty acid activation.)
Complete the table below. Consider docosanoic acid (C21H43CO2H) Questions Solutions Answers a. Label the alpha and beta carbons. b. Draw the acetyl CoA derived from this fatty acid. c. How many acetyl CoA molecules are formed by complete B-oxidation? d. How many cycles of B-oxidation are needed for complete oxidation? e. How many molecules of ATP are formed from the complete catabolism of this fatty acid?
Draw the structure before the product of glucose react further, how does oxidation occur in glucose? Please draw and explain