Construct an orbital diagram to show the electron configuration for a neutral magnesium atom, Mg. Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. Labels can be used once, more than once, or not at all. Not all targets will be filled. • View Available Hint(s) 11 1s 2s G1 G1 G1 G1 G1 G1 G1 G1 G1 G2 G2 G2 G2 G2 2p 3s

Construct an orbital diagram to show the electron configuration for a neutral magnesium atom, Mg. Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. Labels can be used once, more than once, or not at all. Not all targets will be filled. • View Available Hint(s) 11 1s 2s G1 G1 G1 G1 G1 G1 G1 G1 G1 G2 G2 G2 G2 G2 2p 3s

Physical Chemistry

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781133958437

Author:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas

Publisher:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas

Chapter11: Quantum Mechanics: Model Systems And The Hydrogen Atom

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 11.69E: Construct an energy level diagram showing all orbitals for the hydrogen atom up to n=5, labeling...

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The wave function of an electron in the lowest (that is, ground) state of the hydrogen atom is (r)=( 1 a 0 3 )1/2exp(r a 0 )ao=0.5291010m (a) What is the probability of finding the electron inside a sphere of volume 1.0pm2 , centered at the nucleus (1pm=1012m) ? (b) What is the probability of finding the electron in a volume of 1.0pm2 at a distance of 52.9 pm from the nucleus, in a fixed but arbitrary direction? (c) What is the probability of finding the electron in a spherical shell of 1.0 pm in thickness, at a distance of 52.9 pm from the nucleus?
Consider the representations of the p and d atomic orbitals in Figs. 2-15 and 2- 17. What do the + and signs indicate?
Sketch a picture of the 90% boundary surface of an s orbital and the px orbital. Be sure the latter drawing shows why the p orbital is labeled px and not py, for example.
The helium ion He+ is a one-electron system whose wave functions and energy levels are obtained from those for H by changing the atomic number to Z=2 . Calculate the average distance of the electron from the nucleus in the 2s orbital and in the 2p orbital. Compare your results with those in Problem 11 and explain the difference.
Sketch the major features (number of peaks and relative intensities for the peaks) of the expected photoelectron spectrum for atoms of nitrogen.
Is the following statement true or false? The hydrogen atom has a 3s orbital. Explain.
Tbe relative orbital levels for the hydrogen atom can be represented as Draw the relative orbital energy levels for atoms with more than one electron and explain your answer. Also explain bow the following radial probability distributions support your answer.
Construct an energy level diagram showing all orbitals for the hydrogen atom up to n=5, labeling each orbital with its appropriate quantum numbers. How many different orbitals are in each shell?
Quantum mechanics predicts that the energy of the ground state of the H atom is 13.6eV . Insight into the magnitude of this quantity is gained by considering several methods by which it can be measured. (a) Calculate the longest wavelength of light that will ionize H atoms in their ground state. (b) Assume the atom is ionized by collision with an electron that transfers all its kinetic energy to the atom in the ionization process. Calculate the speed of the electron before the collision. Express your answer in meters per second (ms1) and miles per hour (milesh1) . (c) Calculate the temperature required to ionize a H atom in its ground state by thermal excitation. (Hint: Recall the criterion for thermal excitation of an oscillator in Planck’s theory of blackbody radiation is that hvkBT .)