During the Summer of 2022, gas prices rose well over $5.00 per gallon. In response, President Biden called for a 3-month Federal Gas Tax Holiday, which would remove the $0.18 per gallon federal tax on gasoline. Under what circumstances would you expect consumers to reap the majority of the benefits from the removal of the gasoline tax? Under what circumstances would you expect gasoline retailers to reap the majority of the benefits from the removal of the gasoline tax?

During the Summer of 2022, gas prices rose well over $5.00 per gallon. In response, President Biden called for a 3-month Federal Gas Tax Holiday, which would remove the $0.18 per gallon federal tax on gasoline. Under what circumstances would you expect consumers to reap the majority of the benefits from the removal of the gasoline tax? Under what circumstances would you expect gasoline retailers to reap the majority of the benefits from the removal of the gasoline tax?

Exploring Economics

8th Edition

ISBN:9781544336329

Author:Robert L. Sexton

Publisher:Robert L. Sexton

Chapter6: Elasticities

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 16P

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After the OPEC oil embargo in the 1970s, price controls were placed on gas markets that did not allow price to rise to the market clearing level. Gas shortages resulted as did black markets. Use the analysis of price controls to discuss whether price controls likely hurt or helped consumers and the economy. Consider the following: Who is helped and harmed by price ceilings? Had gas prices been allowed to increase sharply, would we have made changes in our economy faster? At what cost? How does the elasticity of demand and supply impact the degree to which price and quantity would change in the gasoline market?
Congress and the president decide that the United States should reduce air pollution by reducing its use of gasoline. They impose a $0.50 tax on each gallon of gasoline sold. Suppose they decided to impose the tax on consumers. In the following graph, shows the effect of a $0.50 tax on each gallon of gasoline sold imposed on consumers by shifting the demand or supply curve. DemandSupply01234563.02.52.01.51.00.50Price of Gasoline (Dollars per gallon)Quantity of Gasoline (Thousands of gallons)Demand Supply True or False: The effect of the tax will be the same regardless of whom the tax is imposed on. True False This tax would be more effective in reducing the quantity of gasoline consumed if the demand for gasoline were elastic. True or False: Consumers of gasoline are helped by this tax. True False Workers in the oil industry are by this tax.
You are an economist in the Internal Revenue System and just heard of a plan to increase the sales tax on a certain widget by $.06. Last year customers purchased about 10 million widgets. The demand curve in the last year was such that a $.01 increasein price decreases sales by 100,000. A study showed that a $.01 increase in price resulted in producers willing to provide 50,000 more widgets to the market. Congress stated that this$.06 tax will increase government revenues by $600,000 and raise the price of each widget by $.06. Is this correct? If so, explain why this is the case and, if not, what is the increase in prices and revenues?
Due to the decrease in the level of water in the lakes of Chapel Hill, the local government wants to reduce the consumption of tap water. They are evaluating two alternatives: to impose a minimum price per gallon of tap water consumed that is five cents greater than the actual price, or to impose an excise tax of five cents on consumption of tap water. Assume that this market is originally in equilibrium. Which of these two alternatives will deliver a bigger reduction in the quantity consumed? Why? Use graphs to explain your answer. Note:- Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy and quality in your answer. Take care of plagiarism. Answer completely. You will get up vote for sure.
Two months ago, on July 1, 2019, the State of Illinois raised gasoline taxes by $.19 (19 cents) per gallon of gas. Now it is past July 2019 and the market has changed. The gasoline tax is in place for all Illinois gasoline stations. In addition to the gasoline tax increase, Illinois dealers on average are noticing that many of their customers are going across the border to buy gasoline in Wisconsin, Iowa, Missouri and Indiana. Not all customers can do this, as they live far from a border. But there is a clear impact on the market for Illinois gasoline producers. Build a graph showing the impact of the Illinois gas tax increase and the shift of some Illinois consumers to border state gas stations, clearly indicating any shifts in the demand and/or supply curves and the resulting equilibrium Price and Quantity. Provide a narrative explaining the shifts. (Both a graph and a narrative are needed for this question)
The government has introduced an excise duty of 10 percent on mealie meal. This essentially means the price of mealie meal, an essential item in most households, has increased by 10 percent. As the chief economist responsible for managing a social protection programme, you have been asked to make a proposal on how you can minimise the adverse effect of the excise duty on low income households. Using your knowledge of compensating or equivalent variation, show how you would ensure that these households are protected from such a measure. Would Lump sum taxes be better than unit (ad valorem or percentage) taxes in this context?
A tax placed on buyers of tuxedoes shifts the demand curve for tuxedoes downward, decreasing the price received by sellers of tuxedoes and causing the quantity of tuxedoes to increase. demand curve for tuxedoes downward, decreasing the price received by sellers of tuxedoes and causing the quantity of tuxedoes to decrease. supply curve for tuxedoes upward, decreasing the effective price paid by buyers of tuxedoes and causing the quantity of tuxedoes to increase. supply curve for tuxedoes upward, increasing the effective price paid by buyers of tuxedoes and causing the quantity of tuxedoes to decrease.
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The government is considering levying a tax of $80 per unit on suppliers of either leather jackets or smartphones. The supply curve for each of these two goods is identical, as you can see on each of the following graphs. The demand for leather jackets is shown by DLDL (on the first graph), and the demand for smartphones is shown by DSDS (on the second graph). Suppose the government taxes leather jackets. The following graph shows the annual supply and demand for this good. It also shows the supply curve (S+TaxS+Tax) shifted up by the amount of the proposed tax ($80 per jacket). On the following graph, use the green rectangle (triangle symbols) to shade the area that represents tax revenue for leather jackets. Then use the black triangle (plus symbols) to shade the area that represents the deadweight loss associated with the tax. Instead, suppose the government taxes smartphones. The following graph shows the annual supply and demand for this good, as well as the supply curve…
Suppose the California legislature passed a sweeping law to lower the number of regulations for building homes such as decreasing the parking requirements and setback requirements. Suppose there is a housing tax. What is the effect of this law on the PES for housing? What effect would this law have on the tax burden for buyers?
Governments often place so-called sin taxes on goods or services such as cigarettes and alcohol. These kinds of taxes are popular with politicians because they are usually more palatable to voters than income taxes. To understand the effect of such a tax, consider the monthly market for rum, which is shown on the following graph. NOTE: the fill in blank options are (increases by a greater and greater amount, increases and then decreases, or increases at a constant rate)
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