H NH3H₂NCO₂LysineCO₂a-ketoglutarateNADPH/H*HH NH3*NADPHCO₂SaccharopineThe first step in the biological degradation of lysine is reductive amination with a-ketoglutarate to give saccharopine. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), a relative of NADH, is the reducing agent.Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the reaction mechanism.Arrow-pushing InstructionsH₂NH NH3+CO₂H-ACO₂OH*H3NH:ACO₂جائے

Step 1: Step 2: Step 3: Step 4:

Answered: H NH3 H₂N CO₂ Lysine CO₂…

Organic Chemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781305080485

Author:John E. McMurry

Publisher:John E. McMurry

Chapter19: Aldehydes And Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition Reactions

Section19.SE: Something Extra

Problem 75AP

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d-Glucuronic acid is found widely in plants and animals. One of its functions is to detoxify poisonous HO-containing compoundsby reacting with them in the liver to form glucuronides. Glucuronides are water soluble and therefore readily excreted. Afteringestion of a poison such as turpentine or phenol, the glucuronides of these compounds are found in the urine. Draw thestructure of the a- and b-glucuronides formed by the reaction of b-d-glucuronic acid and phenol.
Chlorhexidine gluconate is available in different products in concentrations of 4% w/vand 0.12% w/v. H ow many milliliters of the more dilute product may be prepared fromeach fluidounce of the more concentrated product?
Glucosamine, one of the eight essential monosaccharides (Section 25-7), is biosynthesized as its 6-phosphate derivative from fructose 6-phosphate by reaction with ammonia. Propose a mechanism.
Match the following general enzyme names and reactions catalyzed: Enzyme Reaction catalyzed a. decarboxylase b. phosphatase c. peptidase d. esterase formation of ester linkages removal of carboxyl groups from compounds hydrolysis of peptide linkages hydrolysis of phosphate ester linkages
The first step in the citric acid cycle of food metabolism is reaction of oxaloacetate with acetyl CoA to give citrate. Propose a mechanism, using acid or base catalysis as needed.
Isoleucine, another of the twenty amino acids found in proteins, is metabolized by a pathway that includes the following step. Propose a mechanism.
provide the mechasim using the reagents shown ( asap)
Identify the organic functional group of the reactant and the reaction type then predict the functional group(s) of the product(s).The reactant is a(n)a. ketoneb. esterc. amided. alcohole. carboxylic acidf. amineg. aldehydeThe reaction type isa. hydrationb. hydrolysis (in base)c. esterificationd. dehydratione. hydrolysis (in acid)f. amide synthesisThe product should be a(n)a. ketoneb. aldehydec. alcohol onlyd. estere. carboxylic acid and an alcoholf. carboxylic acid onlyg. amide
An unknown carbohydrate of formula C12H22O11 reacts with Tollens reagent to form asilver mirror. An a@glycosidase has no effect on the carbohydrate, but a b@galactosidasehydrolyzes it to d-galactose and d-mannose. When the carbohydrate is methylated (usingmethyl iodide and silver oxide) and then hydrolyzed with dilute HCl, the products are2,3,4,6-tetra-O-methylgalactose and 2,3,4-tri-O-methylmannose. Propose a structure forthis unknown carbohydrate
draw tge fourth intermeduate if the fischer esterication of 6-hydroxyhexanouc acid
Draw the organic product(s) formed when CH3CH2CH2OH is treated withfollowing reagent : [1] TsCl, pyridine; [2] NaSH
Glutathione (GSH) is a tripeptide that serves as a mild reducing agent to detoxify peroxides and maintain the cysteineresidues of hemoglobin and other red blood cell proteins in the reduced state. Complete hydrolysis of glutathione givesGly, Glu, and Cys. Treatment of glutathione with carboxypeptidase gives glycine as the first free amino acid released.Treatment of glutathione with 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (Sanger reagent, Problem 24-21, page 1246), followed bycomplete hydrolysis, gives the 2,4-dinitrophenyl derivative of glutamic acid. Treatment of glutathione with phenylisothiocyanate does not give a recognizable phenylthiohydantoin, however.(a) Propose a structure for glutathione consistent with this information. Why would glutathione fail to give a normalproduct from Edman degradation, even though it gives a normal product from the Sanger reagent followed byhydrolysis?(b) Oxidation of glutathione forms glutathione disulfide (GSSG). Propose a structure for glutathione disulfide, and…

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