How does the concentration of H+ change when a culturemedium at pH 5 is adjusted to pH 9?

Q: Why is excreted organic matter important to many ironoxidizers?

A: Iron oxidizers are chemotrophic bacteria that derive their energy by oxidizing dissolved ferrous…

Q: What types of samples can be measured with Circular Dichroism? Can information be extracted?

A: Circulate dichroism is the difference in the absorption of left handed circularly polarised…

Q: What is the appropriate dose (chlorine, ozone, ultraviolet rays) to sterilize water per 100 cubic…

A: Hi! Thank you for the question! Since the appropriate dosage of ultraviolet rays is not known, the…

Q: Why is Hydrogen peroxide solution so effective against anaerobes?

A: Hydrogen peroxide is a chemical compound that is acts as mild antiseptic. It is also an endogenous…

Q: How to count the number of colonies forming units per milliliter (CFUs per ml) of the sample?

A: A viable cell is one that has the ability to divide and form a colony. The colony-forming unit (CFU)…

Q: What is the turgid in the water?

A: Osmosis is the process by which the solute molecules are transported from higher concentration to…

Q: List the different type of bacteria depending on the salt concentration required for their growth?…

A: Halophiles are found in  three domains -Inside the Bacteria  halophiles depend on salt concentration…

Q: Why is betadine a good DIY substitute for gram’s iodine or dissolved Potassium iodide which is…

A: Iodine, with the symbol I and the atomic number 53, is a chemical element. At typical conditions, it…

Q: Explain why high concentration of suger, salt and acid do not support microbial growth, only it have…

A: Microbial Growth refers to the growth of a microbial population i.e., an increase in its cell number…

Q: Why are semi-solid media such as TTC deeps suitable to test motility of bacteria?

A: There are several parameters which need to be studied in microbiology about different…

Q: What is the EFFECT and RATIONAL of Molten agar mixed with bacterial suspension has temperature…

A: Bacteria can be cultured in either a liquid media or a solid media based on the purpose of culturing…

Q: What is aquaporins ? Why it is used ?

A: Answer- There are many intergral proteins that are embedded in the plasma membrane.

Q: What is demanufacturing, and why is it used for some types of waste?

A: Demanufacturing was suggested as a way to reduce the environmental footprint while maintaining the…

Q: How are microorganisms able to change the pH of the media in which theyare grown?

A: The microbes can live and reproduce only within an optimum range of environmental conditions. Many…

Q: why do microorganisms differ in their response to disinfectants

A: Microorganisms are the minute microscopic organism that is generally invisible to the human eye.…

Q: . How could microorganisms be used to remove phosphate in wastewater?

A: Microalgae are able to convert nutrients from wasrewater into biomass and bioproducts,thus improving…

Q: why do We need to Wait for the iron Agar to set and then Add another thin layer of 45°C Iron Agar?

A: The test that uses iron agar is the Triple Sugar Iron (TSI) Test and is used to determine the…

Q: What happened when potato strip placed in salt water?

A: 1) A solution mixture that exhibits a higher concentration of salt than the surrounding medium. Then…

Q: what is oil immersion and why is it used

A: Light microscope is a microscopic instrument which uses visible light and magnifying lens to to view…

Q: What is the use of hay infusion in determination of microbial motility?

A: Hay infusion use in determination of microbial motility.

Q: How does a halophile maintain positive waterbalance while growing in a solution high in NaCl?

A: The term halophile comes from a Greek word salt loving. Halophiles are extremophilic organisms that…

Q: When preparing samples for SDS-PAGE, what is the purpose of boiling the samples at 95°C?

A: Electrophoresis is a laboratory technique used to separate and isolate desired nucleic acid…

Q: what is sterilization or define sterilization?

A: Sterilization is defined as the process where all the living microorganisms, including bacterial…

Q: mportance of pH adjustment in culture media?

A: Culture media is also known as growth media. It is a mixture of nutrients that helps for the growth…

Q: What is the importance of anammox in the treatment of wastewaters?

A: The bacterial phylum called Planctomycetes consists of organisms that carry out anaerobic ammonium…

Q: Why is a GasPak anaerobic jar necessary for the culture of anaerobes on Brewer’s anaerobic agar…

A: Brewer’s anaerobic agar and fluid thioglycollate medium (FTM) are used to grow bacteria. Both of…

Q: What is the connection of the effects of Acidification and chemical preservatives on Microbial…

A: OFSP means Orange - fleshed sweet potato. It is a special type of sweet potato with high levels of…

Q: Explain the mechanism of denaturation for each agent: 1. Heavy metals 2. Organic solvents 3. Heat…

A: Proteins are important biopolymers present in living systems. They are involved in various…

Q: Measurement of Bacterial Growth in LB, pH 3.2 Plot of Absorbance vs. Time (mins) 4"c 37°C --45°C 1.2…

A: Prokaryotes are the primitive organisms that were the first to develop and harness life on Earth.…

Q: Why is scale formation typically only a problem in hot water pipes?

A: Scaling is a deposition process of calcium and magnesium salts.

Q: Why do microorganisms grow more slowly as the pH deviates from their optimum growth?

A: Growth is acheived when bacterium is grown in liquid medium and is subjected for incubation. After…

Q: Measurement of Bacterial Growth in LB, pH 3.2 Plot of Absorbance vs. Time (mins) c 37c 45'c 0.6 0.4…

A: The bacterial growth curve consists of four distinct growth phases: Lag Phase, Exponential Phase,…

Q: What is the substrate(s) that will be used by the microorganism to produce the calcite ?

A: Biomineralization is the process by which microorganisms and other living organisms directly or…

Q: What made the pepper on water move upon the addition of the dishwashing liquid?

A: Water molecules are composed of two hydrogen molecules covalently bonded to one oxygen molecule.…

Q: What is the temperature for pasteurisation?

A: There are several methods to preserve food products and beverages or to increase their shelf life,…

Q: Why is it necessary to store the molten agar in a water bath at 50 degrees Celsius?

A: Introduction:-  Agar is made up of two polysaccharides: agarose and agaropectin, with agarose…

Q: How can organisms develop resistance to chemical disinfectants?

A: Bacteria can develop resistance to disinfectants over time either by acquisition of exogenous mobile…

Q: What is the limit to growth at low pH?

A: As we know growth is being affected by many external and internal conditions. Out of those few are…

Q: Explain why it is important to wash the wells with PBS between the additions of each reagent?

A: ELISA is a enzyme linked immunosorbent eassay. It is a process to get the measurements of antigens…

Q: Why should you filter some liquids for sterilization, rather than autoclaving them?

A: To control microbial growth or contamination there are a number of aseptic techniques developed that…

Q: What is the difference between assimilatory nitrate reduction and denitrification? Which reaction is…

A: Nitrogen gas is present in the inert form in the atmosphere.

Q: What is the purpose of the different types of media (solid, semi-solid, broth)?

A: Culture medium is the medium consist of  mixture of nutrients and substances which are required for…

Q: How many joules are required to boil 150 grams of water?

A: To boil an amount of water, an amount of heat is required to increase the temperature is dependent…

Q: Why did we add agar after we measure the pH?

A: pH means p stands for potential or power.H stands for Hydrogen atom.It is the power of the Hydrogen…

Q: Is Vinegar a disinfectant?

A: It is not an EPA-registered disinfectant that means it won't kill 99.9 percent of bacteria and…

Q: Why is sulfate (SO42-) added to a Winogradsky column?

A: Winogradsky developed the columns as a means of enriching sediments and soils for microbes.…

Inheritance and Mendelian Genetics

Inheritance means the passing of traits to offspring from parents. These traits could be passed either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction. The offspring receives the genetic material from the parents. Mendelian inheritance is a certain biological inheritance that follows the rules and principles laid down by Gregor Mendel in 1865. The initial hypothesis was considered wrong, but other inheritance theories modified the concept of inheritance and thus genetics.