In another population, linkage disequilibrium was calculated to be D = 0.15, and the recombination rate between loci was r=0.10. If there is no selection on this locus, and the population is mating randomly, what would be the predicted value of linkage disequilibrium after five generations? (show all calculations)
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- Why do calculated recombination frequencies between pairs of loci that are located far apart underestimate the true genetic distances between loci?What is the expected total time of the coalescent (TC) for a sample of 3 alleles? If there were 5 generations per year and an N of 100, what would be the (TC) in years?in the Hardy-Weinberg equation, what do the terms p2, q2, and 2pq represent, in terms of the genetic structure of a population?
- Snow geese (Chen caerulescens) come in two color types, white “snows” and “blues” with dark bodies. A single gene controls coloration, where the dark (“blue”) allele (D) is dominant. Researchers using genetic testing are able to determine the following numbers of individuals of each genotype in another population of geese: DD = 10576, Dd = 14503, dd = 4922. -According to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the expected number of individuals of genotype DD? -Calculate the chi-square statistic from these data. What is the value of the chi-square statistic?What is the expected genotype frequency of the heterozygous genotype under the Hardy-Weinberg equation P = 0.7?If a population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the multiple alleles A+, A and a, whose frequencies are p= 0.60 for A+, q= 0.20 for A, and r = 0.20 for a, what percentage of the population is expected to be heterozygous?
- Consider a population in which the D locus has two alleles, D and d, with f(D) = 0.6 and f(d) = 0.4. What are the genotypic frequencies expected under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?What is the mathematical expression of the genetic equilibrium for genes with two alleles? Is this statistical distribution the same as the statistical distribution of the respective phenotypes?The M and N blood groups are determined by two codominant alleles. In a random sample of 200 persons, 128 were found to belong to group M. Assuming random mating, what is the frequency of the N allele?
- The gel image below shows 7 alleles, let’s call them 1-7 in order of size, with 1 being the largest and 7 being the smallest. In this sample of 11 individuals, how many times does allele 5 appear?What is the first variable that can be calculated given these data, and what is the final variable we are requesting you to calculate? "In Finland, 256 people out of 10,000 are homozygous for the CCR5 allele mutation resulting in HIV resistance. Assuming the locus is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the expected genotype frequency of heterozygous carriers for the CCR5 mutation?"For a gene existing in two alleles, what are the allele frequencies when the heterozygote frequency is at its maximum value, assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? What if there are three alleles?