In order to sediment mitochondria, you were asked to centrifuge at an RPM of 5600 to give an RCF of 5000 x g. However, a student wanted to centrifuge at an RCF of 12000 x g. What RPM should the student use if the rotor used were JA-12 with a radius of 144 mm?
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Chemistry
In order to sediment mitochondria, you were asked to centrifuge at an RPM of 5600 to
give an RCF of 5000 x g. However, a student wanted to centrifuge at an RCF of 12000
x g. What RPM should the student use if the rotor used were JA-12 with a radius of 144
mm?
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- Is Reaction #3 favorable under mammalian cellular conditions when the concentration of dGTP is 0.2 M, dCMP is 20 mM, dGMP-dCMP is 7 mM, and PPi is 10 mM? Use △G to support your answer. Show your work and clearly label your final answer.Imagine you will use a centrifuge in the laboratory indicating rpm and your protocol requires 3500xg, what would your setting be in a given centrifuge with a radius of 10cm? Provide computationsA biochemical reaction transfers 60 kJ mol-1(15 kcal mol-1) of energy. What general process most likely wouldbe involved in this transfer? What cofactor (or cosubstrate) likelywould be used? Which cofactor probably would not be used?
- a. State TWO (2) advantages of Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) over Flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS).b. What are the TWO (2) advantages of graphite furnace AAS (GFAAS) over flame AAS (FAAS)?c. What is one of the main disadvantages that most flames used in AAShave?Suppose you were running out of substrate (PNPP) and decided to reduce the concentration used in your reactions (25 µM, 50 µM, 100 µM, 200 µM, 300 µM) by a factor of 100. How might this affect your kinetic analysis?Calculate theequilibrium constant and thefree energy of (Mg)ATP hydrolysis in a closed system in which concentrations of ATP, ADP and Piare, respectively, 3.5, 1.0, and 5 mMand 25 degrees Celsius. Is the reaction spontaneous?R = 8.314 J/(deg Kelvin-mol).
- A simple biochemical reaction with three molecules has solutions that oscillate toward a steady state when positive constants a and b are below the curve b - a = (b + a)3. Find the largest possible value of a for which the reaction has solutions that oscillate toward a steady state. (Hint: Find where da/db = 0. Derive values for a + b and a - b, and then solve the equations in two unknowns.) Source: Mathematical Biology.Catalase breaks down hydrogen peroxide about107times faster than the uncatalyzed reaction. If the latter required one year, how much time would be needed by the catalasecatalyzed reaction?If the data from an enzyme experiment is plotted as a Lineweaver-Burk plot, and the Vmax is 0.02 mol/sec, and x-intercept is –2.5 mM then what is the KM value? Show yourwork/reasoning.
- An enzyme that follows Michaelis-Menten kinetics has a KM value of 10.0 μM and a kcat value of 206 s−1 . At an initial enzyme concentration of 0.0100 μM , the initial reaction velocity was found to be 1.07×10−6 μM/s . What was the initial concentration of the substrate, [S] , used in the reaction ? Express your answer in micromolar to three significant figures..Neutral sphingomyelinase 2 converts sphingomyelin into ceramide and phosphorcholine. What kind of enzyme is it? Assume Vmax is 35 µM min-1. When you provide 3.0 x 10-5 M of sphingomyelin, you observe an initial velocity of 6.0 µM min-1. Calculate the KM.Thank you in advance!Based on the model on the picture, please help me identify these (even with no explanation):1. What is free energy? What is its symbol? 2. For an exergonic reaction, what is the value of △G? 3. For an endergonic, what is the value of △G? 4 What are the factors that affect △G? 5. What is energy coupling? In a coupling reaction, what must be the overall value of △G? 6. What does the cell do with the energy produced from exergonic reactions? 7. What molecule does the cell use as an energy carrier? Draw its structure. 8. Why is it that this energy carrier is considered to be high energy containing phosphate? 9. Bond of this energy carrier of cells is broken through what?
