5.+HOHHКонHXOHUpon acidAlmost 30% of the cocoon of the parasitic beetle Larinusmaculatus consists of the carbohydrate trehalose.Trehalose was subjected to exhaustive methylation, whichhydrolysis, trehalose gives D-glucose as the only product.converts all available OH groups to OCH3 groups; this wasand releases the methyl groups from all anomeric carbonsfollowed by mild hydrolysis in acid which breaks the linkagewithout affecting any other OCH3 groups in the structure.Following exhaustive methylation and subsequent hydrolysisof trehalose with aqueous acid, only one product, 2,3,4,6-tetramethylglucose, is obtained.trehalose?What is the structure ofDemonstrate that your proposed structure isconsistent with the data presented above.OH

Carbohydrates or carbs are macronutrient consisting of Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. In nature…

OH H Almost 30% of the cocoon of the parasitic beetle Larinus DH maculatus consists of the carbohydrate trehalose. Upon acid Trehalose was subjected to exhaustive methylation, which hydrolysis, trehalose gives D-glucose as the only product. converts all available OH groups to OCH3 groups; this was followed by mild hydrolysis in acid which breaks the linkage and releases the methyl groups from all anomeric carbons without affecting any other OCH3 groups in the structure. Following exhaustive methylation and subsequent hydrolysis of trehalose with aqueous acid, only one product, 2,3,4,6- tetramethylglucose, is obtained. trehalose? What is the structure of Demonstrate that your proposed structure is consistent with the data presented above. OH

OH H Almost 30% of the cocoon of the parasitic beetle Larinus DH maculatus consists of the carbohydrate trehalose. Upon acid Trehalose was subjected to exhaustive methylation, which hydrolysis, trehalose gives D-glucose as the only product. converts all available OH groups to OCH3 groups; this was followed by mild hydrolysis in acid which breaks the linkage and releases the methyl groups from all anomeric carbons without affecting any other OCH3 groups in the structure. Following exhaustive methylation and subsequent hydrolysis of trehalose with aqueous acid, only one product, 2,3,4,6- tetramethylglucose, is obtained. trehalose? What is the structure of Demonstrate that your proposed structure is consistent with the data presented above. OH

Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)

14th Edition

ISBN:9781305073951

Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Chapter3: Molecules Of Life

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2CT: In 1976, a team of chemists in the United Kingdom was developing new insecticides by modifying...

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1. Explain why sucrose is non reducing sugar?
Maltose, sucrose, and lactose differ from one another: a. because not all contain glucose. b. because not all of them exist in ring form. c. in the number of carbons in the sugar. d. in the number of hexose monomers involved. e. by the linkage of the monomers.
In 1976, a team of chemists in the United Kingdom was developing new insecticides by modifying sugars with chlorine (Cl2), phosgene (Cl2CO), and other toxic gases. One young member of the team misunderstood his verbal instructions to test a new molecule. He thought he had been told to taste it. Luckily for him, the molecule was not toxic, but it was very sweet. It became the food additive sucralose. Sucralose has three chlorine atoms substituted for three hydroxyl groups of sucrose (table sugar): The altered sugar binds so strongly to the sweet-taste receptors on the tongue that the human brain perceives it as 600 times sweeter than sucrose. Sucralose was originally marketed as an artificial sweetener called Splenda, but it is now available under several other brand names. Researchers investigated whether the body recognizes sucralose as a carbohydrate by feeding sucralose labeled with 14C to volunteers. Analysis of the radioactive molecules in the volunteers urine and feces showed that 92.8 percent of the sucralose passed through the body without being altered. Some people are worried that the chlorine atoms impart toxicity to sucralose. How would you respond to that concern?
In 1976, a team of chemists in the United Kingdom was developing new insecticides by modifying sugars with chlorine (Cl2), phosgene (Cl2CO), and other toxic gases. One young member of the team misunderstood his verbal instructions to test a new molecule. He thought he had been told to taste it. Luckily for him, the molecule was not toxic, but it was very sweet. It became the food additive sucralose. Sucralose has three chlorine atoms substituted for three hydroxyl groups of sucrose (table sugar): The altered sugar binds so strongly to the sweet-taste receptors on the tongue that the human brain perceives it as 600 times sweeter than sucrose. Sucralose was originally marketed as an artificial sweetener called Splenda, but it is now available under several other brand names. Researchers investigated whether the body recognizes sucralose as a carbohydrate by feeding sucralose labeled with 14C to volunteers. Analysis of the radioactive molecules in the volunteers urine and feces showed that 92.8 percent of the sucralose passed through the body without being altered. Some people are worried that the chlorine atoms impart toxicity to sucralose. How would you respond to that concern?
Which of the following statements about the allosteric site is true? a. The allosteric site is a second active site on a substrate in a metabolic pathway. b. The allosteric site on an enzyme can allow the product of a metabolic pathway to inhibit that enzyme and stop the pathway. c. When the allosteric site of an enzyme is occupied, the reaction is irreversible and the enzyme cannot react again. d. An allosteric activator prevents binding at the active site. e. An enzyme that possesses allosteric sites does not possess an active site.
8. Match each of the following amino acids with the intermediate needed for its synthesis.(a) 3-Phosphoglycerate 1. glutamate 2. serine 3. asparagine (b) oxaloacetate 1. glutamate 2. serine 3. Asparagine
7 Now consider three sugars-glucose, glucuronic acid, and N-acetylglucosamine. Use shorthand (e.g., Glc?(1?4)GlcUA?(1?4)GlcNAc) to represent 10 trisaccharides with the sequence Glc?GlcUA?GluNAc.
3. In studying normal and mutant forms of a particularhuman enzyme, a geneticist came across a particularly interesting mutant form of the enzyme. Thenormal enzyme is 227 amino acids long, but themutant form was 312 amino acids long. The extra85 amino acids occurred as a block in the middleof the normal sequence. The inserted amino acidsdo not correspond in any way to the normal proteinsequence. What are possible explanations forthis phenomenon? How would you distinguishamong them?
1. A monosaccharide contains four carbon atoms and contains an aldeyde group. What is the classification of the sugar based on the information given? If it contains a ketone group instead of an aldehyde retaining its number of carbon atoms, what is now its classification?
When a certain trisaccharide is completely methylated (i.e. all of the free OH groups have been converted to OCH3 groups) and then hydrolyzed (i.e. all of the glycosidic linkages have been broken) equal molar amounts of 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-methyl-D-galactose, 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-D- mannose, and 1,2,4,6-tetra-O-methyl-D-glucose are obtained. When this same trisaccaride is treated with beta-galactosidase ( an enzyme that hydrolyzes the indicated glycosidic bond indicted by it's name) it yields D- galactose and a disaccharide. Treatment of the resulting disaccharride with alpha- mannosidase yields D-mannose and D-glucose. Draw the structure of the beta anomer of the original trisaccharide.
Which is the anomeric carbon? I chose the one on the top left (substituent to carbon 5), but I believe it should be carbon actually in the cyclohexane, so my next guess would be bottom left (carbon 4). I'm a little confused.
1 what is the net reaction of the citric acid cycle for a single acetyl coenzyme A molecule? what are each of the products used for? 2 in oxidative phosphorylation, what is oxidized and what is phosphorylated? 3 name three types of RNA and briefly descibe how each function 4 the overall structure of DNA is double helical and the bases between each strand form watson- crick base pairs. why does RNA make such different structure give atleast two examples. 5 Draw a generic triacylgylcerol. Use R for the alkyl groups.