8) In general, how does the location and abundance of regulatory DNA sequences change with increasingorganism complexity? (l.e. bacteria vs yeast vs mammals

complexity cannot be determined through the size of the genome or the number of chromosomes. No.…

Answered: organism complexity? (1.e. bacteria vs…

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organism complexity? (1.e. bacteria vs yeast vs mammals

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter11: Genome Alterations: Mutation And Epigenetics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10QP: If the coding region of a gene (the exons) contains 2,100 base pairs of DNA, would a missense...

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A scientist creates fruit fly larvae with a mutation that eliminates the exonuclease function of DNA pol III. Which prediction about the mutational load in the adult fruit flies is most likely to be correct? The adults with the DNA pol III mutation will have significantly more mutations than average The adults with the DNA pol III mutation will have slightly more mutations than average The adults with the DNA pol III mutation will have the same number of mutations as average The adults with the DNA pol III mutation will have fewer mutations than average.
If the coding region of a gene (the exons) contains 2,100 base pairs of DNA, would a missense mutation cause a protein to be shorter, longer, or the same length as the normal 700 amino acid proteins? What would be the effect of a nonsense mutation? A sense mutation?
Below is a sequence of 540 bases from a genome. What information would you use to find the beginnings and ends of open reading frames? How many open reading frames can you find in this sequence? Which open reading frame is likely to represent a protein- coding sequence, and why? Which are probably not functioning protein-coding sequences, and why? Note: for simplicitys sake, analyze only this one strand of the DNA double helix, reading from left to right, so you will only be analyzing three of the six reading frames shown in Figure 19.4.
1. A region of DNA in a particular cell synthesizes a segment of RNA that is 174 bases long and in the form of a large palindrome. The RNA is transported to the cytoplasm and folds into a hairpin loop of double stranded RNA. In the cytoplasm, the hairpin loop is recognized by a double-stranded RNA cutting enzyme (dicer) and is cut into 21 BP lengths. When these 21 BP double stranded segments are combined with protein, they function by: Answer choices destroying specific mRNAs priming the synthesis of DNA sequences adding DNA to the chromosome ends (telomeres) acting as decoys for RNA degrading enzymes thus protecting the mRNAs present splicing the introns out of messenger RNA 2. The following are genotypes of merozygotes of E. coli with various combinations of lac operon mutations. Determine the phenotype with respect to beta-galactosidase (z), permease (y), and trans-acetylase (a) of each combination as U = uninducible, I = inducible, and C = constitutive. Choose from…
1) Which statement below explains the trick in sanger sequencing that produces fluorescently labeled fragments at every length within a fragment? a) When synthesizing a copy of the DNA to be sequenced, a high concentration of fluorescently labeled dideoxynucleotides (ddNTPs) are used along with a low concentration of deoxynucleotides (dNTPs) to produce the chain termination events at every location in the sequence. b) When synthesizing a copy of the DNA to be sequenced, fluorescently labeled dideoxynucleotides (ddNTPs) are used instead of deoxynucleotides (dNTPs) to produce the chain termination events at every location in the sequence. c) When synthesizing a copy of the DNA to be sequenced, a low concentration of fluorescently labeled dideoxynucleotides (ddNTPs) are used along with a high concentration of deoxynucleotides (dNTPs) to produce the chain termination events at every location in the sequence. d) When synthesizing a copy of the DNA to be sequenced, fluorescently labeled…
in general, how does the location and abundance of regulatory DNA sequences change with increasing organism complexity? (i.e. bacteria vs yeast vs mammals)
In a particular region of the genome of a certain bacterium, one DNA strand is transcribed to give rise to an mRNA for protein A and the other DNA strand is transcribed to give rise to an mRNA for protein B. a) Would there be any problem in expressing the two genes? 2. b) If a mutation occurred to affect the structure of protein A, what would you observe in the structure of protein B?
Given the following Wild Type and Mutated DNA sequences: 1.) Identify where the base pair change occurs (what letters changed?) 2.) For BOTH sequences, write the mRNA strands, define the codon regions (with spaces), and amino acid sequences. 3.) Describe what kind of mutation has occurred (missense, nonsense, or silent), and what effect this may have on the protein. Wild Type DNA Sequence: 3' - CCTCGTTATGTG - 5' Mutated DNA Sequence: 3' - CCTCGTTATTTG - 5'
3. Now that the sequence of the entire E. coli K12 straingenome (roughly 5 Mb) is known, you can determineexactly where a cloned fragment of DNA came fromin the genome by sequencing a few bases and matching that data with genomic information.a. About how many nucleotides of sequence information would you need to determine exactly where afragment is from?b. If you had purified a protein from E. coli cells,roughly how many amino acids of that proteinwould you need to know to establish which geneencoded the protein?c. You determine 100 nucleotides of sequence ofgenomic DNA from a different E. coli strain, butyou cannot find a match in the E. coli K12 genomesequence. How is this possible?
A molecular researcher, Dr. Sidra Alkatini, is investigating the manifestation of a disorder in some of her lab mice models, which are lacking production of an important protein necessary for the cellular respiration pathway. The afflicted mice are short lived, and have perpetually low blood glucose levels, no matter how much food they are fed. Through sequencing, the following strand of DNA was produced:                    5’ TTC CAA TTA CGC CGC TAT ACG CGC ACC ATG TTA TCA TGT TGG TGG TAG 3’ Given your expertise in genetics, she contacts you, her BFF, to help her understand the sequence and its relation to the genetic disorder she is seeing. 1) What motif in this DNA sequence would serve as the RBS? a Essentially none; this is a eukaryotic sequence, so the RBS will be made up of the methylated G-cap! b CAAT! c ACCATGG! d TATA! 2) Do you notice anything unusual about this transcript? a YES! It is very short! b YES! It is…
A molecular researcher, Dr. Sidra Alkatini, is investigating the manifestation of a disorder in some of her lab mice models, which are lacking production of an important protein necessary for the cellular respiration pathway. The afflicted mice are short lived, and have perpetually low blood glucose levels, no matter how much food they are fed. Through sequencing, the following strand of DNA was produced:                    5’ TTC CAA TTA CGC CGC TAT ACG CGC ACC ATG TTA TCA TGT TGG TGG TAG 3’ Given your expertise in genetics, she contacts you, her BFF, to help her understand the sequence and its relation to the genetic disorder she is seeing. 1) Considering the entire DNA sequence shown above, specify the numbered codon that represents START. a Codon 10. b Codons 12-13. c Codon 9. d Codons 28-30. 2) Indicate three motifs that justify this as being a eukaryotic sequence. a CAAT, TATA, ACCATGG. b GACA, TATAAT, AAUAA.…
A molecular researcher, Dr. Sidra Alkatini, is investigating the manifestation of a disorder in some of her lab mice models, which are lacking production of an important protein necessary for the cellular respiration pathway. The afflicted mice are short lived, and have perpetually low blood glucose levels, no matter how much food they are fed. Through sequencing, the following strand of DNA was produced:                    5’ TTC CAA TTA CGC CGC TAT ACG CGC ACC ATG TTA TCA TGT TGG TGG TAG 3’ Given your expertise in genetics, she contacts you, her BFF, to help her understand the sequence and its relation to the genetic disorder she is seeing. 1) Now that you have seen the sequence and identified some of the major motifs it contains, what are going to tell Dr. Alkatini about in relation to the genetic disorder she is seeing? a “Listen, Doc, it is clear there is no STOP signal in the last codon place where it normally should be.” b “Listen, Doc, the fact…