Please help with 1a) 1b) and 1c) ! If cant do all, then as much as you can, thank you!

Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
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Please help with 1a) 1b) and 1c) ! If cant do all, then as much as you can, thank you! 

Question #1
1A. The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is heavily regulated as the nexus between glycolysis and the citric acid cycle:
(i)
NADH (positive regulator || negative regulator)
(ii)
Fatty Acids (positive regulator || negative regulator)
NH₂
1B. In the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex the cofactor thiamine pyrophosphate
(TPP) is used to decarboxylate pyruvate. Provide a drawing that shows the chemical
mechanism of decarboxylation. [Show electron pushing and relevant resonance
structures. You do not need to show the entire mechanism catalyzed by PDHC.
OH
P-OOH
P-OH
1C. What happens next to the pyruvate fragment that is attached to TPP? What cofactor oxidation state of the E2-
centered redox cofactor is required to successfully transfer a pyruvate-derived hydroxyethyl fragment from the E₁-bound
TPP cofactor onto the E₂ domain? (you can state this in words, no arrow pushing required)
Transcribed Image Text:Question #1 1A. The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is heavily regulated as the nexus between glycolysis and the citric acid cycle: (i) NADH (positive regulator || negative regulator) (ii) Fatty Acids (positive regulator || negative regulator) NH₂ 1B. In the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex the cofactor thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) is used to decarboxylate pyruvate. Provide a drawing that shows the chemical mechanism of decarboxylation. [Show electron pushing and relevant resonance structures. You do not need to show the entire mechanism catalyzed by PDHC. OH P-OOH P-OH 1C. What happens next to the pyruvate fragment that is attached to TPP? What cofactor oxidation state of the E2- centered redox cofactor is required to successfully transfer a pyruvate-derived hydroxyethyl fragment from the E₁-bound TPP cofactor onto the E₂ domain? (you can state this in words, no arrow pushing required)
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