There is a promoter of a tumour suppressor gene in a mutant cancer cell line, and discover that instead of a nucleosome free region 5’ of the transcription start site there are nucleosomes bound. What would be the likely consequence on transcription of this gene? I am not sure about what is the outcome, normally it binds to the nucleosome free region 5' of the transcription start site to initiate transcription. Now, it binds with nucleosomes. What will happened? Is the DNA cannot transcripted successfully? Due to the transcription needs a naked DNA to process while in nucleosomes, DNA has been wrapped up. Thank you.

There is a promoter of a tumour suppressor gene in a mutant cancer cell line, and discover that instead of a nucleosome free region 5’ of the transcription start site there are nucleosomes bound. What would be the likely consequence on transcription of this gene? I am not sure about what is the outcome, normally it binds to the nucleosome free region 5' of the transcription start site to initiate transcription. Now, it binds with nucleosomes. What will happened? Is the DNA cannot transcripted successfully? Due to the transcription needs a naked DNA to process while in nucleosomes, DNA has been wrapped up. Thank you.

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Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter10: From Proteins To Phenotypes

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 21QP: Transcriptional regulators are proteins that bind to promoters (the 5-flanking regions of genes) to...

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4.1 Name and discuss two transcription regulatory elements that can be found in the figure. (6)4.2. During the activation of eukaryotic transcription the promoter region needs to be accessible for the binding of transcription factors. Describe in detail one of the mechanisms involved in this process.
Consider the Rho-dependent terminator sequence 5’CCCAGCCCGCCUAAUGAGCGGCCUUUUUUUU-3’. What affect would a point mutation at any one of the bolded and underlined nucleotides disrupt termination of transcription? Group of answer choices Mutation in one of these nucleotides would disrupt base pairing, preventing the formation of the hairpin and disrupting termination. Mutation in one of these nucleotides would have no affect on base pairing, so the termination hairpin is formed and termination proceeds. Mutation in one of these nucleotides would not disrupt base pairing, but would prevent the formation of the hairpin and disrupt termination. Mutation in one of these nucleotides would disrupt base pairing, but not affect the formation of the hairpin and termination proceeds.
1. Eukaryotic transcription initiation begins at the TATA site approximately 30 bp upstream of the transcription start site. One subunit of TFIID (Transcription Factor II D) binds at the TATA site. What is this subunit? 2. This initial binding at the TATA site is specific and coincides with the binding of the entire TFIID complex. This results in a massive change of shape to the DNA helix of the promoter region. After TFIID binding and this shape change, another GTF(General Transcription Factor) can bind. What is this next GTF? 3. Next, which GTF binds to a DNA sequence in the promoter region and to the TFIID-promoter complex before the binding of the RNA Pol II-TFIIF complex? 4. Describe how would you redraw Figure 13-16 to reflect the change in the dsDNA helical shape due to the initial binding to the TATA site? 5. What other…
Consider the Rho-dependent terminator sequence 5’CCCAGCCCGCCUAAUGAGCGGCCUUUUUUUU-3’. What affect would a point mutation at any one of the bolded and underlined nucleotides disrupt termination of transcription? Group of answer choices 1.Mutation in one of these nucleotides would disrupt base pairing, but not affect the formation of the hairpin and termination proceeds. 2.Mutation in one of these nucleotides would have no affect on base pairing, so the termination hairpin is formed and termination proceeds. 3.Mutation in one of these nucleotides would not disrupt base pairing, but would prevent the formation of the hairpin and disrupt termination. 4.Mutation in one of these nucleotides would disrupt base pairing, preventing the formation of the hairpin and disrupting termination.
The yeast gene SER3, whose product has a role in serine biosynthesis, is repressed during growth in nutrient-rich medium, so little transcription takes place, and little SER3 enzyme is produced, under these conditions. In an investigation of the repression of the SER3 gene, a region of DNA upstream of SER3 was found to be heavily transcribed when SER3 is repressed ). Within this upstream region is a promoter that stimulates the transcription of an RNA molecule called SRG1 RNA (for SER3 regulatory gene 1). This RNA molecule has none of the sequences necessary for translation. Mutations in the promoter for SRG1 result in the disappearance of SRG1 RNA, and these mutations remove the repression of SER3. When RNA polymerase binds to the SRG1 promoter, the polymerase travels downstream, transcribing the SGR1 RNA, and passes through and transcribes the promoter for SER3. This activity leads to the repression of SER3. Propose a possible explanation for how the transcription of SGR1 might…
Many promoter regions contain CAAT boxes containing consensus sequences CAAT or CCAAT approximately 70 to 80 bases upstream from the transcription start site. How might one determine the influence of CAAT boxes on the transcription rate of a given gene?
A bacterial species has a hypothetical sigma promoter that has the following sequence: TTGGCA - 18 bases - TATAAT What change in the level of transcription would there be if the sequence was mutated to: TTCGCA -18 bases -TATAAT Group of answer choices 1.The mutation would inhibit the promoter thereby inhibiting transcription 2.No change the consensus TATAAT sequence in the same. 3.The mutation would move the promoter away from consensus and reduce the level of transcription 4.The mutation would bind the promoter to the consensus and produce normal levels of transcription
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Many eukaryotic promoter regions contain CAAT boxes with consensus sequences CAAT or CCAAT approximately 70 to 80 bases upstream from the transcription start site. How might one determine the influence of CAAT boxes on the transcription rate of a given gene?
A particular mutation in the bacterial sigma factor allows this protein to bind RNA polymerase but prevents it from coming off (detaching) RNA polymerase once it binds. What specific effect will this mutation have on transcription? It will prevent the transcription termination exerted by the Rho protein. It will prevent the formation of closed complexes between RNA polymerase and the promoter. It will prevent the formation of open complexes between RNA polymerase and the promoter. It will prevent the transition from the transcription initiation to the transcription elongation stage. It will prevent the synthesis of abortive RNA transcripts while the RNA polymerase is bound at the promoter.
Many genes in both bacteria and eukaryotes contain numerous sequences that can cause pauses in or premature termination of transcription. Nevertheless, the transcription of these genes within a cell normally produces multiple RNA molecules thousands of nucleotides long without pausing or premature termination. However, when a single round of transcription of these genes takes place in a test tube, RNA synthesis is frequently interrupted by pauses and premature terminations, which reduce the rate at which transcription takes place and frequently shorten the lengths of the mRNA molecules produced. Most pauses and premature terminations occur when RNA polymerase temporarily backtracks (i.e., backs up) for one or two nucleotides along the DNA. Experimental findings have demonstrated that most pauses and premature terminations disappear if several RNA polymerases are simultaneously transcribing the DNA molecule. Propose an explanation for this observation of faster transcription and longer…
Regarding the process of gene transcription in eukaryotes, it is correct to state that A)The transcription process is terminated when the RNA polymerase complex reaches the final region of the gene with the poly-adenylation signal. B)The RNA polymerase II transcription elongation complex contains transcription factors such as the TATA box binding protein C)The opening of the region of DNA that will be transcribed is done by the DNA helicase, present in the transcription complex. D)The main function of the Mediator coactivator is to promote the transition between elongation and completion of the transcription process. E)Different activators and repressors can influence the transcriptional elongation complex by binding to the promoter regions of genes