What is deltaG" for this reaction ATP + glucose -> ADP + giucose-6-phosphate deltaG"= ?
Q: How does the action of allosteric effectors differ in the reactions catalyzed by phosphofructokinase…
A: Glycolysis is breakdown of glucose. It is a ten step enzymatic process. Phosphofructokinase is an…
Q: Assuming that the human body has 4 X 10" cells and that ATP is being used at a rate of 10° ATP per…
A: ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the biomolecule that is considered the energy currency of the cells.…
Q: describe the mechanism of the phosphoglucoisomerase reaction
A:
Q: Why does it make metabolic sense for the same hormone signal to stimulate glycogenolysis and inhibit…
A: The muscles and the liver respond in distinct ways to the same hormone signal, thus participating in…
Q: Using the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle, determine how many ATP can be produced from one mole of each…
A: Number of ATP molecule on complete oxidation using the glycerol-3-phosphate as follows-
Q: Which of the following is the Haworth Projection of Glucose?
A: The cyclic structure in Haworth projection displays the ring as flat. In the associated Haworth…
Q: In oxidative phosphorylation, what is oxidized and what is phosphorylated?
A: Introduction: The electron transport chain is the common pathway in the aerobic cells by which…
Q: What is the rationale for the inhibition of muscle glycogen phosphorylase by glucose 6- phosphate…
A: Glycogenolysis- breaking down of molecular glycogen into glucose. Glycolysis- glucose molecules…
Q: Which are the Two paths are available to this glucose 6-phosphate?
A: The study of chemical reactions that occurs within living organisms is called biochemistry. This…
Q: The "actual" free-energy change, AG, for the oxidation of NADH under aerobic conditions is -50.9…
A: The final equation for actual free energy change (∆G') of NADH oxidation is given below. The ( ' )…
Q: four differential reactions that TSIA shows.
A: TSIA (triple sugar iron agar) is a solution used to distinguish between various kinds of bacteria,…
Q: draw acyl coa derived from docosanoic acid C21H43CO2H
A: Docosanoic acid is a saturated fatty acid with the chemical formula C21H43COOH . It is also…
Q: What is the name of the by-product of anaerobic glycolysis that can lead to muscle fatigue and why…
A: A muscle refers to a group of muscle tissue that contracts to generate force. The failure in the…
Q: How does the action of allosteric effectors differ in the reactions catalyzed by phosphofructokinase…
A: Allosteric effectors are the molecules that bind with one of the active sites of an enzyme that are…
Q: What is the total ATP produced from complete oxidation of 10 molecules of glucose asumming that the…
A: Glycolysis is the process in which glucose is converted into pyruvate, with the production of ATP,…
Q: How many ATP will be broken down in the complete β-oxidation of this fatty acid?
A: Beta-oxidation is the process of breaking down the long fatty acids into smaller fatty acyl CoA to…
Q: What are the two most important carriers in one-carbonmetabolism? Give two examples of processes in…
A: These are the interlinking pathways that require methionine and folate.
Q: Intracellular concentrations in resting muscle are as follows: fructose6-phosphate, 1.0 mM;…
A: The process of glycolysis runs in the muscle cells, in which fructose-6 phosphate (F6P) is converted…
Q: What effects do AMP and ATP have on the reaction with ADP?
A: Metabolic pathways are defined as the set of chemical reactions occurring in the body. Metabolic…
Q: How many moles of each substrate (a-h in the given figure) are formed during the aerobic metabolism…
A:
Q: WHAT is the TOTAL NET YIELD of ATP (incl. ATP equivalents from NTPs, NADH, and FADH2) from the…
A: Aerobic oxidation of fatty acids includes beta oxidation of fatty acids and Krebs cycle thise are…
Q: Ethanol is oxidized in the liver to form acetate, which is then converted to acetyl-CoA. Determine…
A: Ethanol is a compound with chemical formula, C2H6O. It has an ethyl group bonded to a hydroxy or…
Q: How many ATPs would result from the reaction involving the alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex…
A: 1 mole of a substance consists of 6.02 x 1023 molecules.1 mole of glucose would consist of 6.02 x…
Q: What enzymes from the citric acid cycle that are allosterically regulated by ATP and/or NADH? What…
A: TCA cycle: - In this cycle, the activated acetate derived from pyruvate undergoes stepwise oxidation…
Q: What would be the effect on fatty acid synthesis of a mutation in ATPcitrate lyase that reduces the…
A: Biomolecules are organic molecules that occur and function in living systems. Biomolecules consist…
Q: Show how the following fatty acid is oxidized:
A: Branched-chain fatty acids are oxidized first by alpha-oxidation followed by beta-oxidation. The…
Q: What effect does a higher ADP/ATP ratio have on isocitrate dehydrogenase activity?
A: Isocitrate dehydrogenase is an enzyme that catalyzes isocitrate's oxidative decarboxylation,…
Q: With respect to glycogen, what is the likely fate of excess glucose 6-phosphate in muscle?
A: The process of glycolysis in which the glucose is converted to two molecules of pyruvate along with…
Q: What oxidizes fadh2?
A: The process of Oxidative phosphorylation harness energy through the electron transport chain and ATP…
Q: How does increasing the ADP/ATP ratio influence isocitrate dehydrogenase activity?
A: A Isocitrate dehydrogenase catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate, resulting in…
Q: How many high-energy phosphates are generated or consumed in (a) converting 1 mole of glucose to…
A: The ATP is the energy rich phosphate molecule that is utilised during the energy requiring reactions…
Q: During hyp[erglycemia or diabetes - what two regulatory enzymes are active? Why are they active?
A: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic sickness commonly known as diabetes, all the more properly an issue…
Q: How many molecules of acetyl CoA, FADH2, and NADH are produced in the catabolism of a molecule of…
A: Arachidonic acid is a polyunsaturated fatty acid contained in the phospholipids of the body's cell…
Q: What are the thioesters in the reaction catalyzed by PDH complex?
A: Thioesters in the reaction catalysed by PDH Complex are : Acetyllipoamide AcetylCoenzyme A
Q: How does ATP act as an allosteric effector in the mode of action of phosphofructokinase?
A: Cellular respiration is a catabolic pathway of the process of metabolism, where a series of chemical…
Q: . Intracellular concentrations in resting muscle are as follows: fructose- 6-phosphate, 1.0 mM;…
A: Phosphofructokinase-1 is a glycolytic enzyme which catalyzes transfer of a phosphate group from ATP…
Q: Which broad class of enzymes catalyze the transfer of phosphate from ATP to alcohol functionalities?
A: each class of enzyme known to do a specific response.
Q: upon digestion of starch maltose, one of its degradation products is further hydrolyzed into its…
A: The series of chemical reaction that occurs within the living body are collectively known as…
Q: What is the reaction catalyzed by glucose 6-phosphatase?
A: Glucose 6-phosphate : It is a glucose sugar phosphorylated at the hydroxy group on carbon 6.
Q: What mass of citric acid (triprotic, C6H5O7H3) contains 152 mEq of citric acid?
A: we can find this by using mole formula.
Q: What is the total number of ATP molecules produced from the lauric acid (C12H2402) found in coconut…
A: Lauric acid is a saturated medium-chain fatty acid with a 12-carbon backbone. Lauric acid is found…
Q: What are the changes occur in oxidative randicity? Explain.
A: Oxidative rancidity is a chemical process when lipids oxidize through a complex series of reactions…
Q: What is the biochemical rationale for ATP serving as a positive regulator of ATCase?
A: Introduction: The first step in the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway is catalysed by aspartate…
Q: What is the effect of the mutation on succinate-coupled ATP synthesis?
A: Succinate : It is a dicarboxylic acid dianion resulting from the removal of a proton from both of…
Q: How many ATP molecules could maximally be generated from one molecule of glucose, if the complete…
A: Introduction ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is an energy-carrying molecule found in all living things'…
Q: Intracellular concentrations in resting muscle are as follows: fructose- 6-phosphate, 1.0 mM;…
A: Given Information: [Fructose-6-phosphate] = 1 mM [Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate] = 10 mM [AMP] = 0.1 mM…
Q: What is the ATP yield from lactate if lactate is fully catabolized aerobically? (Note: This process…
A: Pyruvate is converted to pyruvate by lactate dehydrogenase enzyme (LDH) under anaerobic conditions.…
Q: The heart cannot convert lactate back to glucose, as the liver does, but instead uses it as a fuel.…
A: Aerobic respiration splits into three main phases, including glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and ETS…
Q: What is the advantage of converting pyruvate into lactate in skeletal muscle?
A: During strenuous exercise, people breathe rapidly to provide more oxygen to the muscles. The body…
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- Question 29 options: If 6 molecules of acetyl CoA were completely oxidized by the CAC, how many molecules of FADH2 would be produced?Question:- 1.) If 2 molecules of glucose enters glycolysis, a total of how many carbon dioxide molecules are released after Krebs Cycle including those released during pyruvate processing?QUESTION 2An isocitrate dehydrogenase assay was performed on the enzyme sample and found to give an absorbance change at 340nm of 0.5 absorbance units perminute. Given that the molar absorption coefficient (E) is 6220 M-1 cm-1 and the pathlength is 1cm, what is the rate of the enzyme catalysed reaction in umol perminute per mL?
- Question:- The enzyme aromatase is found in the cytoplasm of some cells and converts testosterone to estrogen. You decide to test aromatase from a particular cell, and oops, your lab partner admits he drastically increased the pH in all the test tubes. Which of the following is a likely result? a. The enzyme will be denatured and the substrate will not bind to the active site. b. The enzyme will convert testosterone to estrogen at a faster rate. c. The mistake will have no effect on the experiment, because enzymes are not sensitive to pH. d. The free energy will be lowered and the reaction will not proceed spontaneously.Question: Fumerase is an enzyme in the citric acid cycle that catalyzes the conversion of fumerate to L-malate. Given the fumerate (substrate) concentrations and initial velocities below, construct a Lineweaver-Burk plot and determine Vmax and Km values for the fumerase catalyzed reaction. Fumerate (mM) Rate (mmol l-1 min-1) 2.0 2.5 3.3 3.1 5.0 3.6 10.0 4.2 Fumerase has a molecular weight of 194,000 and is composed of four identical subunits, each with an active site. If the enzyme concentration is 1 x 10-8 M for the experiment in part (a), calculate kcat value for the reaction of fumerase with fumerate. Note: units for kcat are reciprocal seconds (s-1).Question: Determine the Km and Vmax for this enzyme/substrate combination. [Substrate] (mM) V0 (mM/min) 0.25 0.183 0.50 0.356 1.00 0.665 2.50 1.45 5.00 2.35 What is the concentration of substrate necessary to achieve a turnover rate of 1.00 mM/min?
- Question:- ATP is an important source of energy for muscle contraction. Pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphate phosphatase is activated by calcium, which increases greatly in concentration during exercise. Why is activation of the phosphatase consistent with the metabolic requirements of muscle during contraction?At body temperature (37°C), k of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction is 2.3X10¹⁴ times greater than k of the uncatalyzed reaction. Assuming that the frequency factor A is the same for both reactions, by how much does the enzyme lower the Eₐ?Neutral sphingomyelinase 2 converts sphingomyelin into ceramide and phosphorcholine. What kind of enzyme is it? Assume Vmax is 35 µM min-1. When you provide 3.0 x 10-5 M of sphingomyelin, you observe an initial velocity of 6.0 µM min-1. Calculate the KM.
- Question 1: The standard reduction potential for the the cytochrome c Fe3+/Fe2+ redox couple and for the dioxygen/water redox couple. Part a: Use these values, and the relevant equation, to compute the standard free energy change for the transfer of 4 electrons from cytochrome c to dioxygen. Part b: Next, compute the free energy needed to pump four protons across the mitochondrial membrane, using the relevant equation and values of -.14V for Δψ and 1.4 for ΔpH. Part c: If energy conservation by cytochrome c oxidase involved only the four pumped protons (and standard conditions applied), what would be the efficiency of energy conservation at this step? (what is the ratio [energy conserved in the gradient] / [redox energy used] ?)Question:- A mouse fed phytanic acid uniformly labeled with 14C produces detectable levels of radioactive malate, a citric acid cycle intermediate, within minutes. Considering the metabolic pathway for phytanic acid conversion to malate, which structures depict the locations of the 14C label in malate?Is aerobic respiration more or less efficient than glycolysis? Explain your answer.
