Where do you expect to see the highest number of CFU on a plate: Select one: a. When pasteurized milk is inoculated at a dilution of 10-8 b. When pasteurized milk is inoculated at a dilution of 10-2
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Essential nutrients
These are the organic compounds present in the food that provide nourishment essential for the development and growth of our body. Nutrients not only provide us with the required energy to carry out various biological processes but are also the building blocks for repair and growth in our bodies.
Vitamins
The vitamins are organic molecules required in low concentration for the proper functioning of the body. They cannot be generated in the organism and are taken into the body through the diet. The lack of proper vitamins results in diverse deficiency disorders. They are thus called essential nutrients. The important vitamins are vitamin A, vitamin B complex, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin K, and vitamin E.
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- How would you make two-fold serial dilutions such that the last tube is a 1:32 dilution of the original, concentrated material? Assume that you need to have at least 500 µl of each dilution, and you should be able to perform the dilutions in microfuge tubes with a maximum capacity of 1.5 ml.You are testing unpasteurized milk for the presence of bacterial contamination. Starting from the undiluted milk, you do serial dilutions, and plate 0.5 ml of 4th dilution on agar. If you counted 78 CFUs from the 4th plate, how many bacteria/ml do you expect? (show solution) Do you think standard plate counts are very accurate? Why or why not?If the inoculated lactose broth cube exhibits acid production but without gas formation, will you consider this as a negative or positive result? Explain Why is the MPN test qualitative rather than quantitative? Why is the MPN test qualitative rather than quantitative? Why is MPN test qualitative rather than quantitative
- Pretend the results below were obtained for water from your well. The 10 mL tubes are Full Strength, or 9.9 mL of the sample plus 0.1 mL of 10x broth (here a fluorescent Brilliant Green Broth). The 1 mL tubes are 1 mL sample plus 9 mL of normal broth (so a ten-fold dilution). The 0.1 mL are that much sample with 9.9 mL of the broth (so a hundred-fold dilution). Dark green indicates coliform presence. Use the table and the figure and give me the MPN. To do so, count the number of positive tubes at each dilution. Then match the counts to the set of values that most closely fits. Yes, you need to consider the set of values for None, 1 and 0.1 taken together. For example, 5,2,1. What is the MPN estimate for this well water sample? If safe drinking water is <5 cells/100 mL would you drink this well water?50 g of food is homogenized in 450 mL of water. From this, 1 mL is added to 29 mL of water, and then a 1:90 dilution is made from this, and then 1 mL from this is added to 99 mL of water, and then 100 uL of this last dilution is plated and after incubation 164 colonies are counted.a) What was the overall dilution factor?b) What was the total CFU/g of the original sample?can you show how to calculate the amount of two components for the required volume of a buffer with the receipes? Prepare enough 10X stock solution § Prepare 1LProportions§ 0.25M tris§ 1.92M glycine§ pH 8.3§ 1% (w/v) SDSInstructions to prepare 100mL of 10X running buffer1. Weigh 3.02g of Tris base and 14.42g of glycine into ~90mL of ddH2O in a clean beaker and stir todissolve.2. Check the pH with a calibrated pH metre once dissolved.§ The pH of the buffer should be 8.3. pH adjustment is not required if between 8.1-8.5.3. Add 5mL 20% (w/v) SDS stock solution (a liquid) to make a 1% (w/v) solution.4. Top the volume to 100mL by adding 5mL ddH2O from a graduated cylinder.
- Compute the cfu/g (lactic acid bacteria and coliforms) of these samples given the following values below. Show your solution. Media First Sampling First Sampling First Sampling Second Sampling Second Sampling Second Sampling 10-2 10-3 10-4 10-2 10-3 10-4 VRBA TNTC, TNTC 243, 232 24,22 23, 25 0, 0 0, 0 MRS 32, 40 0, 0 0, 0 TNTC, TNTC TNTC, TNTC 102, 120The original concentration in a sample of kombucha is 2.79 x 10^6 CFU/ml. Which dilution would yield a countable plate? How would you make this? Show your calculations. Confused as to what's implied by "which dilution"? does it mean, how many times?Prepare 50 plates of Sheep's Blood Agar using 100mm petri dish. Add 10% of blood to the media. (Manufacturer's instructions: Suspend 38 g of blood agar base dehydrated powder in 1 liter of distilled or deionized water.) Pour 25 mL of prepared medium per plate. Express answer to the nearest whole number. How many grams of the dehydrated powder should be weighed? Answer: What is the volume of distilled water that should be used in the preparation? Answer: What is the volume of sheep's blood that should be added to the sterilized and cooled blood agar base? Answer:
- What statistical analysis should you use to determine LD50 of solutions of treated and un-treated effluent with 100, 50, 26, 13, 6, and 0 percentage dilution over a 1, 24, and 48 hour period? The species used for the lab is Daphnia magna. Can you use a paired t-Tes? CheersWith the aid of diagrams, explain the processes and principles of each of the following methods: (a) Gel filtration chromatography on Sephadex G50 b.SDS-PAGEIn sterilization, which among the supplies, instruments, glassware, etc. under the list of materials can be sterilized using either or both equipment below? List them down under the category: a) For “autoclaving” only, B) For Dry heat oven sterilization ,And C) Can be sterilized with either. Materials: 200-ml Erlenmeyer flask Stove 500-ml Erlenmeyer flask Autoclave 10-mL graduated cylinder Analytical balance 100-ml graduated cylinder pH meter Spatula Stirring rod 100-mL beaker Test tubes Distilled water Petri dish Stirring rod Alcohol lamp Glass dropper