Which example is considered a public good? O school attendance O national defense O cigarettes O a flu shot Question 25 Since a monopolistically competitive firm has the same long-run profits as a perfectly competitive firm, both types of industries are efficient. O True O False

Which example is considered a public good? O school attendance O national defense O cigarettes O a flu shot Question 25 Since a monopolistically competitive firm has the same long-run profits as a perfectly competitive firm, both types of industries are efficient. O True O False

ECON MICRO

5th Edition

ISBN:9781337000536

Author:William A. McEachern

Publisher:William A. McEachern

Chapter16: Public Goods And Public Choice

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1.2P

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Consider the case of global environmental problems that spill across international borders as a prisoners dilemma of the sort studied in Monopolistic Competition and Oligopoly. Say that there are two countries, A and B. Each country can cheese whether to protect the environment, at a cost of 10, or not to protect it, at a cost of zero. If one country decides to protect the environment, there is a benefit of 16, but the benefit is divided equally between the two countries. If both countries decide to protect the environment, there is a benefit of 32, which is divided equally between the two centuries. In Table 12.10, fill in the costs, benefits, and total payoffs to the countries of the following decisions. Explain why, without some international agreement, they are likely to end up with neither country acting to protect the environment.
Classify the following as a government-enforced barrier to entry, a banker to entry that is not government enforced, or a situation that does not involve a barrier to entry. A City passes a law on how many licenses it will issue for taxicabs A city passes a law that all taxicab drivers must pass a driving safety test and have insurance A well-known trademark Owning a spring that offers very pure water An industry where economies of scale are very large compared to the size of demand in the market
The rows in Table 12.7 show three market-oriented tools for reducing pollution. The columns of the table show three complaints about command-and-control regulation. Fill in the table by stating briefly how each market-oriented tool addresses each of the three concerns.
Radio stations, tornado sirens, light houses, and street lights are all public goods in that all are nonrivalrous and nonexclusionary. Therefore why does the government provide tornado sirens, street lights and light houses but not radio stations (other than PBS stations)?
In the Land of Purity, there is only one form of pollution, called gunk. Table 12.14 shows possible combinations of economic output and reduction of gunk, depending on what kinds of environmental regulations you choose. Sketch a graph of a production possibility frontier with environmental quality on the horizontal axis, measured by the percentage reduction of gunk, and with the quantity of economic output on the vertical axis. Which choices display productive efficiency? How can you tell? Which choices show allocative efficiency? How can you tell? In the choice between K and L, can you say which one is better and why? In the choice between K. and N, can you say which one is better, and why? If you had to guess, which choice would you think is move likely to represent a command-and-control environmental policy and which choice is more likely to represent a market-oriented environmental policy, choice L or M? Why?
A country called Sherwood is very heavily covered with a forest of 50,000 trees. There are proposals to clear some of Sherwoods forest and grow com, but obtaining this additional economic output will have an environmental cost from reducing the number of trees. Table 12.11 shows possible combinations of economic output and environmental protection. Sketch a graph of a production possibility frontier with environmental quality on the horizontal axis, measured by the number of trees, and the quantity of economic output, measured in corn, on the vertical axis. Which choices display productive efficiency? How can you tell? Which choices show allocative efficiency? How can you tell? In the choice between T and R, decide which one is better. Why? In the choice between T and S, can you say which one is better, and why? If you had to guess, which choice would you think is more likely to represent a command-and-control environmental policy and which choice is more likely to represent a market-oriented environmental policy, choice Q or S? Why?
3. a) Suppose a monopolistically competitive firm operates in a long run which produces 40 umits of output at 120 taka per-unit cost (average total cost). Also, MC of producing 40-unit output is 60 taka. By using this information, show the long run situation of a monopolistically competitive firm in an appropriate diagram. Show all the relevant information in your diagram. b) Calculate cxcess capacity if socially efficient output is 100 units. Show it in graph too. [Note: a) and b) are related questions]
(J) Suppose the production process of a particular good creates a negative externality such as pollution. Other things being equal, would society be better off if this good were produced by a perfectly competitive market or by a monopoly? a. Society would be better off if this good were produced by a perfectly competitive market, because a perfectly competitive market responds to consumers' desires in the long run b. Society would be better off if this good were produced by a perfectly competitive market, because a perfectly competitive market will produce the quantity where Marginal Revenue equals Marginal Cost c. Society would be better off if this good were produced by a monopoly,
Hi, Could you help me solve this problem? The problem is a continuance to an ”efficient output ” based on a social planner’s problem, where it was compared to the output in the market equilibrium with monopolistic competition. The problem: Now consider the social planner’s problem in the context of labour supply and income taxation and compare the solution to it to a market equilibrium with potentially distortionary taxation. The rest of the problem is attacteh ad an image.
ASAP plz Why don't people/stores make different decisions? Cost is a factor: a case of foam take-out containers costs $25, compared with $58 for paper and recyclable-plastics. How does this affect the firm's profit? Are consumers willing to pay more? Negative externality Consider the demand and supply given above. Suppose there is an external cost given by MEC=5Q. Find social equilibrium price and quantity. Draw a graph and label both private and social equilibrium.
1. There are two brands of cigarettes X, Y. The demand for each is as follows: Qx = 80 - 2p Qy = 60 - 0.5p Assume that the marginal cost of producing cigarette X is $10, the marginal cost of producing cigarette Y is $8, and that the market for both cigarettes is perfectly competitive. Assume that each pack of cigarette X smoked does $5 worth of health damage to the smoker, and a total of $4 worth of health damage to the smoker’s neighbors via second-hand smoke. Each pack of cigarette Y smoked does $6 worth of health damage to the smoker, and $5 health damage to the smoker’s neighbors. (a) Explain why the public supply curves differ from the private supply curves, and how this represents the externality from second-hand smoke. Highlight the area(s) of your diagram that represents a social loss. (b) Calculate the social loss for both. (c) Suppose the government decides to pursue a Pigouvian solution to eliminate social loss. What's amount of tax or subsidy would the government…
1. There are two brands of cigarettes X, Y. The demand for each is as follows: Qx = 80 - 2p Qy = 60 - 0.5p Assume that the marginal cost of producing cigarette X is $10, the marginal cost of producing cigarette Y is $8, and that the market for both cigarettes is perfectly competitive. Assume that each pack of cigarette X smoked does $5 worth of health damage to the smoker, and a total of $4 worth of health damage to the smoker’s neighbors via second-hand smoke. Each pack of cigarette Y smoked does $6 worth of health damage to the smoker, and $5 health damage to the smoker’s neighbors. (a) Plot the private demand curve and private supply curve for both cigarettes on separate axes. (b) What is the privately efficient quantity demand of both cigarettes? (c) Add the public supply curves to the graphs you plot in (a). (d) What is the socially efficient quantity demand of both cigarettes?