which of the following is a source of possible bias against minoritized people in genome wide association studies and their interpretation? ( check all that apply!!) o lack of representation in GWAS studies o imputation based on haplotype patterns common in other populations o failing to account for differences in enviornment and experience of minoritized people

which of the following is a source of possible bias against minoritized people in genome wide association studies and their interpretation? ( check all that apply!!) o lack of representation in GWAS studies o imputation based on haplotype patterns common in other populations o failing to account for differences in enviornment and experience of minoritized people

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter14: Biotechnology And Society

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10QP

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Entomologists at the New York State Department of Agriculture are interested in determiningthe connection between pest insects infesting crop plants with populations of the same insectinfesting native plants in natural habitats. Long term trapping and monitoring studies haveestimated that on average 3% of the populations move between habitats (farm to natural and visversa) each generation. A new insecticide resistance allele (∆K) has begun to increase infrequency in the agricultural populations. A genotyping survey at this locus of 50 individuals ineach population has revealed the following genotype counts: K/K K/∆K ∆K/∆K Agricultural field 32 16 2 Forest 48 2 0 4a. Based on the effects of migration alone, what will the frequency of ∆K be in the forestpopulation in the next generation? 4b. If migration was acting in here without selection, what would the frequency of ΔK be in theagricultural population in the next generation? 4c. If the natural forest population was…
Tay–Sachs disease is an autosomal recessive disorder. Among Ashkenazi Jews, the frequency of Tay–Sachs disease is 1 in 3600. Assuming the Ashkenazi population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what proportion of the population is expected to be carriers (e.g. heterozygous) for the Tay–Sachs allele?
A sample of 600 individuals from a population is examined for the presence of the HindIII polymorphism in an autsomal Sca gene. There are two alleles of Sca gene, A and a. The results are 14 individuals are AA, 212 are Aa, 374 are aa. Please answer the following questions accordingly? How many alleles are present in the gene pool in the sample population fort he Sca gene? What are the genotype frequencies? What are the frequencies of A and a alleles? What are the expected numbers of the three genotypes, assuming random matings.
It is clear that patterns of genetic variation among populations can affect both disease risk and treatment efficacy and safety. Yet, a majority of studies still occur in European ancestry populations and the results can have limited utility across populations. Do you have any suggestions or plans to solve these problems
Seven common mistakes in population genetics and how to avoid them? By Patrick Meirman's article. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/mec.13243
Human geneticists have found the Finnish populationto be very useful for studies of a variety of conditions.The population is small; Finns have extensive churchrecords documenting lineages; and few people havemigrated into Finland. The frequency of some recessive disorders is higher in the Finnish population thanelsewhere in the world, and diseases such as PKU andcystic fibrosis that are common elsewhere do not occur in the Finnish population.a. How would a population geneticist explain thesevariations in disease occurrence?b. The Finnish population is also a source ofinformation for the study of quantitative traits. Thegenetic basis of schizophrenia is one question that canbe explored in this population. What advantage(s) anddisadvantage(s) can you imagine for studying complex traits based on the Finnish population structure?
Tay-Sachs disease is a recessive genetic disease. Individuals with this disease rarely survive past the age of four. In the general population, approximately 1 person in 300 carries the allele for this disease. However, in some populations, including the Irish Americans, the Ashkenazi Jews, and the Cajuns from Louisiana, the proportion of Tay-Sachs carriers is much higher (1 in 27 to 1 in 50) than in other populations. Such high frequency of an otherwise rare allele is expected when Question 24 options: populations experienced disruptive selection populations were founded by a small number of settlers the allele is advantageous at the heterozygous state populations have higher than average mutation rates populations experienced stabilizing selection
Nieman-Pick Syndrome involves a defective enzyme, sphyngomylinase. It is usually fatal before the age of 3. The defective allele frequency is 0.01 in Ashkenazi populations. Let’s call the healthy allele A, and the lethal allele a. a) What is the frequency of allele A? Assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, how many people do you expect to have the three genotypes in a population of 10,000? b) AA:_______ c) Aa:________ d) aa:_________
For a locus with two alleles (B and b) in a population at riskfrom an infectious neurodegenerative disease, 16 individualshave the genotype BB, 92 individuals have Bb and 12individuals have bb. Use the Hardy-Weinberg equation todetermine whether this population appears to be evolving.
Identify each of the following as an example of allele, genotype,and/or phenotype frequency:A. Approximately 1 in 2500 individuals of Northern Europeandescent is born with cystic fibrosis.B. The percentage of carriers of the sickle cell allele in WestAfrica is approximately 13%.C. The number of new mutations per generation resultingin achondroplasia, a genetic disorder, is approximately5 × 10−5.
A researcher examines a locus, or marker, in which there is a particular C/T polymorphism in a population of interest. Let’s call this Locus 1. They obtain the following genotype counts in a sample of the population: CC:42, CT:16, TT:32. a) Calculate the genotype frequencies and the allele frequencies for Locus 1 in the sample.b) Calculate the observed heterozygosity (the frequency of heterozygotes) and the observed homozygosity (the total frequency of all homozygotes) in the sample. Ensure that these two frequencies add up to 1.
Many genetic disorders, such as cystic fibrosis and sickle-cell disease are due to mutations in a recessive allele. You have sampled an isolated population in which you know that the percentage of the homozygous recessive genotype (aa) is 36%. Using that 36%, calculate: 1e. the frequency of the "Aa" genotype (round to the nearest hundredth)