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Q: immune response
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- Order the following extravasation-related events as they occur. Oligosaccharide sulfated-sialyl-Lewis x moeity binds E-selectin neutrophil extravasates through vascular endothelium into ECM Neutrophil senses inflammatory cytokine Oligosaccharide sulfated-sialyl-Lewis x moeity binds P-selectin leukocyte integrins LFA-1 and CR3 bind ICAM-1 on the endotheliumWhich of the following is mismatched? Coagulase – dissolves blood clots Leukocidins – destroy neutrophilic granulocytes Hemolysins – lyse erythrocytes (red blood cells) None of the other four answers are mismatched Hyaluronidase – breaks down “cell cement” to enhance invasivenessMatch the following hypersensitivity reactions with the associated immune response or disease 1. IgE mediated 2. Poison ivy 3. Blood transfusion reaction 4. Associated with autoantigens 5. Immune-complex mediated 6. Allergies (e.g. hay fever) 7. IgG or IgM mediated 8. Cell-mediated Type I Type II Type III Type IV
- Plasma proteins that are late acute phase reactants include all the following except? a. haptoglobin b. ceruloplasmin c. complement C3, C4 d. transthyretinRh D - negative individuals generate an immune response when are exposed to the Rh -D antigen . However, incompatibility in the ABO blood group system occurs naturally in the absence pf expsure to the A or B antigen in the blood from another individual. Why do individuals produce an immune response the first time encounter the A or B antigen as an adult?Rh-negative individuals generate an immune response when they are exposed to the Rh-negative antigen. However, incompatibility in the ABO blood group system occurs naturally in the absence of exposure to the A or B antigen in the blood from another individual. Why do individuals produce an immune response the first time they encounter the A or B antigen as an adult?
- Explain the difference between anti-A/anti-B antibodies and anti-Rh antibodies in terms of their presence in the plasma of individuals.A woman has O-negative blood. The following is a list of her children and their blood types. If she was not given RhoGAM, which child would be at risk for erythroblastosis fetalis? Baby 1: O- Baby 2: A- Baby 3: A+ Baby 4: O+ Baby 5: A-It is known that heparin acts by increasing the activity of antithrombin, causing a conformational change. LMWHs inhibit mainly factor Xa. Although low doses of heparin act primarily by neutralizing factor Xa, at high doses it prevents thrombin-induced platelet activation and prolongs bleeding time. What are major clinical benefits using heparin or LMWHs?
- One strategy for preventing type 1hypersensitivity is to induce plasma cells tosecrete lgG instead of IgE. Why would this blockallergy symptoms?Which of the blood type(s) will contain antibodies (agglutinins) against type B blood? (Ignore Rh factor for this question.)Briefly explain the significance of RH factor. Why mother with Rh negative blood should receive RhoGAM shot? What type of antibodies would be produced in this case? Why there is no universal donor anymore? What type of blood you can transfuse if patient has type A- blood?
