Physics Fundamentals
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780971313453
Author: Vincent P. Coletta
Publisher: PHYSICS CURRICULUM+INSTRUCT.INC.
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Chapter 0, Problem 34P
To determine
ToCalculate: The length of a day on the planet.
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In a situation in which data are known to three significant digits, we write 6.379 m = 6.38 m and 6.374 m = 6.37 m. When a number ends in 5, we arbitrarily choose to write 6.375 m = 6.38 m. We could equally well write 6.375 m = 6.37 m, “rounding down” instead of “rounding up,” because we would change the number 6.375 by equal increments in both cases. Now consider an order-of-magnitude estimate, in which factors of change rather than increments are important. We write 500 m ~ 103 m because 500 differs from 100 by a factor of 5 while it differs from 1 000 by only a factor of 2. We write 437 m ~ 103 m and 305 m ~ 102 m. What distance differs from 100 m and from 1 000 m by equal factors so that we could equally well choose to represent its order of magnitude as ~ 102 m or as ~ 103 m?
What is the greatest distance on the surface of the earththat can be seen from the top of Mayon volcano whichis 2.4 kilometers high if the radius of the earth is 6370 km? (Illustrate and use trigonometric functions and identities)
A. 159.7 km B. 174.8 kmC. 179.7 km D. 189.7 km
Can you approximate the height of one of the buildings on your campus, or in your neighborhood? Let us make an approximation based upon the height of a person. In this example, we will calculate the height of a 39-story building.
Chapter 0 Solutions
Physics Fundamentals
Ch. 0 - Prob. 1PCh. 0 - Prob. 2PCh. 0 - Prob. 3PCh. 0 - Prob. 4PCh. 0 - Prob. 5PCh. 0 - Prob. 6PCh. 0 - Prob. 7PCh. 0 - Prob. 8PCh. 0 - Prob. 9PCh. 0 - Prob. 10P
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- A surveyor measures the distance across a straight river by the following method: starting directly across from a tree on the opposite bank, he walks x = 1.00 102 m along the riverbank to establish a baseline. Then he sights across to the tree. The angle from his baseline lo the tree is = 35.0 (Fig. P1.53). How wide is the river? Figure P1.53arrow_forwardA house is advertised as having 1 420 square feet under its roof. What is area in square meters? (a) 4 660 m2(b) 132 m2 (c) 158m2 (d) 132 m2 (e) 10.2m1arrow_forwardOne student uses a meterstick to measure the thickness of a textbook and obtains 4.3 cm 0.1 cm. Other students measure the thickness with vernier calipers and obtain four different measurements: (a) 4.32 cm 0.01 cm. (b) 4.31 cm 0.01 cm, (c) 4.24 cm 0.01 cm, and (d) 4.43 cm 0.01 cm. Which of these four measurements, if any, agree with that obtained by the first student?arrow_forward
- A pirate has buried his treasure on an island with five trees located at the points (30.0 m, 20.0 m), (60.0 m, 80.0 m), (10.0 m, 10.0 m), (40.0 m, 30.0 m), and (70.0 m, 60.0 m), all measured relative to some origin, as shown in Figure P1.69. His ships log instructs you to start at tree A and move toward tree B, but to cover only one-half the distance between A and B. Then move toward tree C, covering one-third the distance between your current location and C. Next move toward tree D, covering one-fourth the distance between where you are and D. Finally move toward tree E, covering one-fifth the distance between you and E, stop, and dig. (a) Assume you have correctly determined the order in which the pirate labeled the trees as A, B, C, D, and E as shown in the figure. What are the coordinates of the point where his treasure is buried? (b) What If? What if you do not really know the way the pirate labeled the trees? What would happen to the answer if you rearranged the order of the trees, for instance, to B (30 m, 20 m), A (60 m, 80 m), E (10 m, 10 m), C (40 m, 30 m), and D (70 m, 60 m)? State reasoning to show that the answer does not depend on the order in which the trees are labeled. Figure 1.69arrow_forwardA surveyor measures the distance across a straight river by the following method (Fig. P1.6). Starting directly across from a tree on the opposite bank, she walks d = 100 m along the riverbank to establish a baseline. Then she sights across to the tree. The angle from her baseline to the tree is 0 = 35.0. How wide is the river? Figure P1.6arrow_forwardExplain why, when defining the length of a rod, it is necessary to specify that the positions of the ends of the rod are to be measured simultaneously.arrow_forward
- A calculator displays a result as 1.365 218 0 X 107 kg. The estimated uncertainty in the result is 2%. How many digits should be included as significant when the result is written down? (a) zero (b) one (c) two (d) three (e) fourarrow_forwardA surveyor measures the distance across a straight river by the following method: starting directly across from a tree on the opposite bank, he walks x = 1.00 102 m along the riverbank to establish a baseline. Then he sights across to the tree. The angle from his baseline lo the tree is = 35.0 (Fig. P1.53). How wide is the river? Figure P1.53arrow_forwardA high fountain of water is located at the center of a circular pool as shown in Figure P1.47. Not wishing to get his feet wet, a student walks around the pool and measures its circumference to be 15.0 m. Next, the student stands at the edge of the pool and uses a protractor to gauge the angle of elevation at the bottom of the fountain to be 55.0. How high is the fountain? Figure P1.47arrow_forward
- While a meter is the fundamental unit of length, most distances traveled by humans are measured in miles or kilometers. Why do you think this is?arrow_forwardThe Hoover Dam Bridge connecting Arizona and Nevada opened in October 2010 ( Fig. 1.18). It is the highest and longest arched concrete bridge in the Western Hemisphere, rising 890 ft above the Colorado River and extending 1900 ft in length. What are these dimensions in meters? Figure 1.18 High and Wide An aerial view of the new four-lane Hoover Dam Bridge between Arizona and Nevada with the Colorado River beneath (as seen from behind the dam). See Exercise 16.arrow_forwardSuppose that, while lying on a beach near the equator watching the Sun set over a calm ocean, you start a stopwatch just as the top of the Sun disappears. You then stand, elevating your eyes by a height H = 1.70 m, and stop the watch when the top of the Sun again disappears. If the elapsed time is t = 11.1 s, what is the radius r of Earth?arrow_forward
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