EBK WHAT IS LIFE? A GUIDE TO BIOLOGY WI
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781319360689
Author: PHELAN
Publisher: VST
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 1, Problem 13SA
Summary Introduction
To analyze:
The ADA’s hypothesis, the associated predictions, and to design an experiment to test the assertion.
Introduction:
In addition to helping one in preserving their teeth as they age, good oral and dental hygiene can help avoid the early decay of teeth, bad smell of the breath, as well as gum diseases. It has been demonstrated that developing healthy eating and dental hygiene practices are crucial for reaching and sustaining long-term physical and mental well-being.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
In 1993, Dr Knox Todd, an emergency physician on the medical staff of the UCLA Emergency Center in Los Angeles, reported study findings on a pain study. In
the study, they looked at treatment given to all emergency department patients at UCLA between the ages of 15 and 55 over a two-year period for the treatment of
an isolated long-bone fracture to arm or leg. They selected this injury because it is one of the most consistently painful. The patients had no other serious injuries.
Given the community served, these patients were either Hispanic (31 patients) or White (108 patients). They found:
- 17 of the 31 Hispanic patients (55%) received no medication for pain during treatment
- 28 of the 108 White patients (26%) received no medication for pain during treatment
Many professional colleagues criticized the study and suggested that different ethnic groups respond to pain differently. That Hispanic patients may be more stoic
in the face of their injury, expressing fewer symptoms of pain…
In 1993, Dr Knox Todd, an emergency physician on the medical staff of the UCLA Emergency Center in Los Angeles,
reported study findings on a pain study. In the study, they looked at treatment given to all emergency department patients at
UCLA between the ages of 15 and 55 over a two-year period for the treatment of an isolated long-bone fracture to arm or
leg. They selected this injury because it is one of the most consistently painful. The patients had no other serious injuries.
Given the community served, these patients were either Hispanic (31 patients) or White (108 patients). They found:
- 17 of the 31 Hispanic patients (55%) received no medication for pain during treatment
- 28 of the 108 White patients (26%) received no medication for pain during treatment
Many professional colleagues criticized the study and suggested that different ethnic groups respond to pain differently. That
Hispanic patients may be more stoic in the face of their injury, expressing fewer symptoms of pain…
What influence does randomized allocation of treatment in an experimental study have on confounding by some factor other than the factor of interest (say age in a study of fever in infancy (the exposure) and asthma as a young child (the health outcome))?
(cite at least one source)
Chapter 1 Solutions
EBK WHAT IS LIFE? A GUIDE TO BIOLOGY WI
Ch. 1 - Prob. 1SACh. 1 - Prob. 2SACh. 1 - Prob. 3SACh. 1 - Prob. 4SACh. 1 - Prob. 5SACh. 1 - Prob. 6SACh. 1 - Prob. 7SACh. 1 - Prob. 8SACh. 1 - Prob. 9SACh. 1 - Prob. 10SA
Ch. 1 - Prob. 11SACh. 1 - Prob. 12SACh. 1 - Prob. 13SACh. 1 - Prob. 14SACh. 1 - Prob. 15SACh. 1 - Prob. 16SACh. 1 - Prob. 17SACh. 1 - Prob. 1MCCh. 1 - Prob. 2MCCh. 1 - Prob. 3MCCh. 1 - Prob. 4MCCh. 1 - Prob. 5MCCh. 1 - Prob. 6MCCh. 1 - Prob. 7MCCh. 1 - Prob. 8MCCh. 1 - Prob. 9MCCh. 1 - Prob. 10MCCh. 1 - Prob. 11MC
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- The following is an excerpt from a discussion of Principlism, which we have studied. (https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/principlism) Consider, for example, the question of what health professionals should do when they discover that a patient infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is having unprotected sex with partners who are ignorant of his condition. First, respect for the patient's autonomy supports a policy of medical confidentiality, requiring health professionals not to reveal to others private information discovered in the course of caring for patients. According to this policy, health professionals should do nothing to warn the sexual partners of their HIV-positive patient, as doing so would violate his confidentiality. Second, if there is evidence that public disclosure of the patient's condition would harm him economically, socially, psychologically, or physically, the principle of nonmaleficence would also urge…arrow_forwardat a large Assume that you are the nurse elementary school where children frequently come to you with nosebleeds. Design an experiment to test whether dropping keys down the back of the neck causes nosebleeds to stop. (Assume parents of all children in the school have given permission for their participation in the experiment and you have followed ethical guidelines for research with human subjects. One possible explanation for why keys down the back might actually be effective in stopping a nosebleed is that they are cold, causing blood vessels to constrict. Treatments should be randomly assigned to the children. Describe how you accomplish this. That is, when a child with a nosebleed comes to the nurse's office, how will you know which treatment he or she should get?arrow_forwardYou are asked to draw and explain the goal of the Meselson-Stahl (1958) Experiment as outlined in the classroom. You need to draw your own diagram and use short sentences to explain the steps and/or important points, deductions. Clearly state what happens at each step.arrow_forward
- The α level in the context of reporting findings from a randomized controlled trial corresponds to the probability of concluding: Correctly that the treatment and control groups differ with respect to risk of outcome. That the treatment and control groups differ with respect to outcome when in fact they do not. Correctly that the treatment and control groups do not differ with respect to outcome. That the treatment and control groups do not differ with respect to outcome when in fact they do. That you don’t have sufficient information to present results.arrow_forwardIn double-blind studies neither the test subject or the researcher knows who was given the drug and who was given the control. Why are these studies effective for testing a drug that may elevate mood and relieve feelings of depression? Since there are two symptoms that are affected, a double-blind study is required. Double-blind studies are ways to ensure that only the researcher can figure out who is getting the effective drug. Double-blind studies are the most economical way to gather results from testing on humans. The patients and researchers are not given this information so they cannot be influenced in reporting the effectiveness.arrow_forwarda) Does the data support your hypothesis? b) How could you improve this experiment? Consider the other factors you could have / should have controlled in this experiment.arrow_forward
- Which of these statements are true about predictions and hypotheses? (4 are true) □ If the results of the experiment are NOT consistent with a given prediction then that hypothesis is false. O Hypotheses and predotions are the same as theories. A predictions is a possible explanations to explain the initial observation. Predictions and hypotheses are the same thing. Predictions are usually written as if/then statements. "If I do this, then that will happen." O The prediction step comes before the hypothesis. Hypotheses are usually written as if/then statements. "If I do this, then that will happen." A hypothesis is a possible explanations to explain the initial observation. O The prediction step comes after the hypothesis.arrow_forwardA new sunscreen claims to be better at preventing sunburn then any existing brand on the market. To test this claim, students rub the new sunscreen on one arm and another brand on their other arm and stand in the sun for 4 hours. Write a hypothesis for this test. What is the independent variable? What is the dependent variable? List two (or more) ways to improve this experimental design.arrow_forwardThe fundamental axiom of preventive medicine suggests that: Select one: a. We should screen the population to identify those with only slightly abnormal values (e.g. blood pressure) and then treat those individuals preventatively. O O b. We should screen the population to identify those with highly abnormal values (e.g. blood pressure) and then treat only those individuals. C. We should screen the population to identify those with only slightly abnormal values (e.g. blood pressure) and then only treat those individuals who show symptoms of disease. d. We should not screen the population and identify those with highly abnormal values (e.g. blood pressure) as they become sick and then treat only those individuals.arrow_forward
- A researcher has designed a card choice task to better understand altered decision making in a group of patients who have sustained damage to their ventromedial prefrontal cortex (compared to a non-damaged control group). Participants complete 120 trials. On each trial they choose to flip over a card from one of two decks of face down cards labeled deck 1 and deck 2. Each card flipped over wins or loses an amount of money. In deck 1 (the “bad deck”), 9 out of 10 cards wins $100 but one out of ten cards loses $1250. In deck 2 (the “good deck”), 9 out of 10 cards wins $50 and one out of ten loses $250. The researcher measures the number of choices from the “good deck” versus the “bad deck”, and measures anticipatory skin conductance responses immediately before participants choose from the “good deck” compared to the “bad deck”. The research finds that after experiencing wins and losses from 60 choice trials, control group participants on average begin to choose the “good deck” more…arrow_forwardA researcher has designed a card choice task to better understand altered decision making in a group of patients who have sustained damage to their ventromedial prefrontal cortex (compared to a non-damaged control group). Participants complete 120 trials. On each trial they choose to flip over a card from one of two decks of face down cards labeled deck 1 and deck 2. Each card flipped over wins or loses an amount of money. In deck 1 (the “bad deck”), 9 out of 10 cards wins $100 but one out of ten cards loses $1250. In deck 2 (the “good deck”), 9 out of 10 cards wins $50 and one out of ten loses $250. The researcher measures the number of choices from the “good deck” versus the “bad deck”, and measures anticipatory skin conductance responses immediately before participants choose from the “good deck” compared to the “bad deck”. The research finds that after experiencing wins and losses from 60 choice trials, control group participants on average begin to choose the “good deck” more…arrow_forwardA researcher has designed a card choice task to better understand altered decision making in a group of patients who have sustained damage to their ventromedial prefrontal cortex (compared to a non-damaged control group). Participants complete 120 trials. On each trial they choose to flip over a card from one of two decks of face down cards labeled deck 1 and deck 2. Each card flipped over wins or loses an amount of money. In deck 1 (the “bad deck”), 9 out of 10 cards wins $100 but one out of ten cards loses $1250. In deck 2 (the “good deck”), 9 out of 10 cards wins $50 and one out of ten loses $250. The researcher measures the number of choices from the “good deck” versus the “bad deck”, and measures anticipatory skin conductance responses immediately before participants choose from the “good deck” compared to the “bad deck”. The research finds that after experiencing wins and losses from 60 choice trials, control group participants on average begin to choose the “good deck” more…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you