Chapter 1, Problem 17CE

a.

To determine

Compute the differences of the sales between October 2015 and October 2014.

List the manufacturers for whom, the sales in 2015 increased as compared to 2014.

List the manufacturers for whom, the sales in 2015 decreased as compared to 2014.

Answer to Problem 17CE

The differences of the sales between October 2015 and October 2014 are as follows:

Manufacturer	Through October 2015	Through October 2014	Difference
General Motors Corp.	2,562,840	2,434,707	128,133
Ford Motor Company	2,178,587	2,065,612	112,975
Toyota Motor Sales USA Inc.	2,071,446	1,975,368	96,078
Chrysler	1,814,268	1,687,313	12,6955
American Honda Motor Co Inc.	1,320,217	1,281,777	38,440
Nissan North America Inc.	1,238,535	1,166,389	72,146
Hyundai Motor America	638,195	607,539	30,656
Kia Motors America Inc.	526,024	489,711	36,313
Subaru of America Inc.	480,331	418,497	61,834
Volkswagen of America Inc.	294,602	301,187	–6,585
Mercedes-Benz	301,915	281,728	20,187
BMW of North America Inc.	279,395	267,193	12,202
Mazda Motor of America Inc.	267,158	259,751	7,407
Audi of America Inc.	165,103	146,133	18,970
Mitsubishi Motors N A, Inc.	80,683	64,564	16,119
Volvo	53,803	47,823	5,980
Land Rover **	55,602	42,067	13,535
Fiat	35,576	39,226	–3,650
Porsche Cars NA Inc.	43,370	39,033	4,337
Jaguar *	12,204	12,837	–633
Tesla *	17,350	15,500	1,850
Mini *	49,061	44,488	4,573
Maserati *	9,544	10,327	–783
Smart *	6,153	8,665	–2,512
Bentley *	1,917	2,268	–351
Ferrari *	1,903	1,739	164
Rolls Royce *	701	682	19
Lamborghini *	866	494	372

The manufacturers for whom, the sales in 2015 increased as compared to 2014 are as follows:

Manufacturer	Through October 2015	Through October 2014	Difference
General Motors Corp.	2,562,840	2,434,707	128,133
Ford Motor Company	2,178,587	2,065,612	112,975
Toyota Motor Sales USA Inc.	2,071,446	1,975,368	96,078
Chrysler	1,814,268	1,687,313	12,6955
American Honda Motor Co Inc.	1,320,217	1,281,777	38,440
Nissan North America Inc.	1,238,535	1,166,389	72,146
Hyundai Motor America	638,195	607,539	30,656
Kia Motors America Inc.	526,024	489,711	36,313
Subaru of America Inc.	480,331	418,497	61,834
Mercedes-Benz	301,915	281,728	20,187
BMW of North America Inc.	279,395	267,193	12,202
Mazda Motor of America Inc.	267,158	259,751	7,407
Audi of America Inc.	165,103	146,133	18,970
Mitsubishi Motors N A, Inc.	80,683	64,564	16,119
Volvo	53,803	47,823	5,980
Land Rover **	55,602	42,067	13,535
Porsche Cars NA Inc.	43,370	39,033	4,337
Tesla *	17,350	15,500	1,850
Mini *	49,061	44,488	4,573
Ferrari *	1,903	1,739	164
Rolls Royce *	701	682	19
Lamborghini *	866	494	372

The manufacturers for whom, the sales in 2015 decreased as compared to 2014 are as follows:

Manufacturer	Through October 2015	Through October 2014	Difference
Volkswagen of America Inc.	294,602	301,187	–6,585
Fiat	35,576	39,226	–3,650
Jaguar *	12,204	12,837	–633
Maserati *	9,544	10,327	–783
Smart *	6,153	8,665	–2,512
Bentley *	1,917	2,268	–351

Explanation of Solution

Calculation:

The manufacturers for whom, data is missing for one or both the years are ignored.

Step-by-step procedure to calculate the differences of the sales between October 2015 and October 2014 using EXCEL is given below:

• Type the headings Manufacturer, Through October 2015, and Through October 2014, in cells A1, B1 and C1 respectively.
• Enter the manufacturers’ names in cells A2 to A29; the data for 2015 in cells B2 to B29; enter the data for 2014 in cells C2 to C29.
• Type the heading Difference in cell D1.
• Type the formula =B2-C2 in cell D2, and press Enter.
• Drag the cell till cell D29.

Thus, the differences are obtained using EXCEL.

The manufacturers with positive differences are the ones, for whom, the sales in 2015 increased as compared to 2014.

The manufacturers with negative differences are the ones, for whom, the sales in 2015 decreased as compared to 2014.

These can be identified from the list of differences obtained using software.

b.

To determine

Compute the percentage changes in sales between October 2015 and October 2014 and list them in an ascending order.

List the top 5 manufacturers in terms of percentage change.

List the bottom 5 manufacturers in terms of percentage change.

Answer to Problem 17CE

The percentage changes in sales between October 2015 and October 2014 in an ascending order are as follows:

Manufacturer	Through October 2015	Through October 2014	Percentage change (%)
Smart *	6,153	8,665	–28.99
Bentley *	1,917	2,268	–15.48
Fiat	35,576	39,226	–9.31
Maserati *	9,544	10,327	–7.58
Jaguar *	12,204	12,837	–4.93
Volkswagen of America Inc.	2,94,602	3,01,187	–2.19
Rolls Royce *	701	682	2.79
Mazda Motor of America Inc.	2,67,158	2,59,751	2.85
American Honda Motor Co Inc.	1,320,217	1,281,777	3.00
BMW of North America Inc.	279,395	267,193	4.57
Toyota Motor Sales USA Inc.	2,071,446	1.975,368	4.86
Hyundai Motor America	638,195	607,539	5.05
General Motors Corp.	2,562,840	2,434,707	5.26
Ford Motor Company	2,178,587	2,065,612	5.47
Nissan North America Inc.	1,238,535	1,166,389	6.19
Mercedes-Benz	301,915	281,728	7.17
Kia Motors America Inc.	526,024	489,711	7.42
Chrysler	1,814,268	1,687,313	7.52
Ferrari *	1,903	1,739	9.43
Mini *	49,061	44,488	10.28
Porsche Cars NA Inc.	43,370	39,033	11.11
Tesla *	17,350	15,500	11.94
Volvo	53,803	47,823	12.50
Audi of America Inc.	165,103	146,133	12.98
Subaru of America Inc.	480,331	418,497	14.78
Mitsubishi Motors N A, Inc.	80,683	64,564	24.97
Land Rover **	55,602	42,067	32.17
Lamborghini *	866	494	75.30

The top 5 manufacturers in terms of percentage change are as follows:

Manufacturer	Through October 2015	Through October 2014	Percentage change (%)
Lamborghini *	866	494	75.30
Land Rover **	55,602	42,067	32.17
Mitsubishi Motors N A, Inc.	80,683	64,564	24.97
Subaru of America Inc.	480,331	418,497	14.78
Audi of America Inc.	165,103	146,133	12.98

The bottom 5 manufacturers in terms of percentage change are as follows:

Manufacturer	Through October 2015	Through October 2014	Percentage change (%)
Smart *	6,153	8,665	–28.99
Bentley *	1,917	2,268	–15.48
Fiat	35,576	39,226	–9.31
Maserati *	9,544	10,327	–7.58
Jaguar *	12,204	12,837	–4.93

Explanation of Solution

Calculation:

Step-by-step procedure to calculate the percentage changes of the sales between October 2015 and October 2014 and to sort the changes using EXCEL is given below:

• Type the heading Percentage change in cell E1.
• Type the formula =(D2/C2)*100 in cell E2, and press Enter.
• Drag the cell till cell E29.
• Select the values in cells E2 to E29 and choose Editing > Sort & Filter > Sort Smallest to Largest > Expand Selection > OK.

Thus, the sorted percentage changes are obtained using EXCEL.

The manufacturers with the top 5 and bottom 5 percentage changes can be identified from the list of percentage changes obtained using software.

c.

To determine

Draw a bar graph of the data in 2014 and 2015, sorted with respect to 2015 for the top 12 manufacturers.

Draw a bar graph of the percentage changes, sorted with respect to 2015 for the top 12 manufacturers.

Answer to Problem 17CE

The bar graph of the data in 2014 and 2015, sorted with respect to 2015 for the top 12 manufacturers is as follows:

The bar graph of the percentage changes, sorted with respect to 2015 for the top 12 manufacturers is as follows:

Explanation of Solution

Calculation:

The data are already sorted with respect to 2015. The observations in rows 2 to 13, under columns A to E, correspond to the top 12 companies.

Step-by-step procedure to bar graph of the data in 2014 and 2015, sorted with respect to 2015 for the top 12 manufacturers using EXCEL is given below:

• Select cells A1 to C13.
• Choose Insert > Insert Column or Bar Chart > 2-D Column > Clustered Column.

Thus, the bar graph of the data in 2014 and 2015, sorted with respect to 2015 for the top 12 manufacturers is obtained using EXCEL.

Step-by-step procedure to bar graph of the percentage changes, sorted with respect to 2015 for the top 12 manufacturers using EXCEL is given below:

• Select cells A1 to A13, and E1 to E13.
• Choose Insert > Insert Column or Bar Chart > 2-D Column > Clustered Column.

Thus, the bar graph of the percentage changes, sorted with respect to 2015 for the top 12 manufacturers is obtained using EXCEL.

From the first bar graph, it can be observed that for most of the top 12 companies, the bars are higher for 2015 than for 2014, which indicates that the sales have increased from 2014 to 2015. However, for the 10^th company in the list, the sales have slightly decreased in 2015, as compared to 2014, as suggested by the heights of the bars.

From the second bar graph, it can be observed that the sales have increased by 4% to 6%, from 2014 to 2015, for most of the top 12 companies. However, aa few notable differences are also observed. The sales for the 5^th company on the list have increased only by about 3%. The sales for the 10^th company on the list has, in fact, reduced by about 2%. The ales of the 9^th company on the list has increased by approximately 15%, which is quite high as compared to the others.