Connect 1-semester Access Card For Genetics
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780077515041
Author: Leland Hartwell Dr., Michael L. Goldberg Professor Dr., Janice Fischer, Leroy Hood Dr., Charles (chip) Aquadro
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 1, Problem 3P
The size of one copy of the human genome is approximately 3 billion base pairs, and it contains about 25,000 genes organized into 23 chromosomes.
| a. | Human chromosomes vary in size. What would you predict is the size of the average chromosome? |
| b. | Assuming that genes are spread evenly among chromosomes, how many genes does an average human chromosome contain? |
| c. | About half of the DNA in chromosome contains genes. How large (in base pairs) is an average human gene? |
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The average human chromosome contains about 1 x 108 bp of DNA.
(a) If each base pair has a mass of about 660 daltons and there are about 2 g of protein (histones plus nonhistones) per gram of DNA, how much does such a chromosome weigh (in grams)?
(b) If the DNA were extended, how long would it be?
(c) An actual chromosome is about 5 mm long. What is the approximate compaction ratio?
(d) You have about 4x 1012 cells in your body. If you have 46 chromosomes in each cell, what is the approximate extended length of all of your DNA? For comparison, the distance from the earth to the sun is about 1.5x108 km.
What defines one end of a DNA molecule as the 5’ end?
a. What defines the other end at the 3’ end?
b. When two strands of DNA are paired together to form a functional molecule, what is interesting to note about their 5’ and 3’ ends?
A. In NOT more than 200 words, explain how the double-helical structure of DNA suggests a mechanism for DNA replication?
B. In NOT more than 200 words, explain the special mechanism used to replicate chromosome ends?
Chapter 1 Solutions
Connect 1-semester Access Card For Genetics
Ch. 1 - Choose the phrase from the right column that best...Ch. 1 - If one strand of a DNA molecule has the base...Ch. 1 - The size of one copy of the human genome is...Ch. 1 - Indicate whether each of the following words or...Ch. 1 - a. How many different DNA strands composed of 100...Ch. 1 - Why do scientists think that all forms of life on...Ch. 1 - Why would a geneticist study a yeast cell or a...Ch. 1 - How can a scientist tell if a protein present in...Ch. 1 - Why do scientists think that new genes arise by...Ch. 1 - Explain how the exon/intron structure of genes...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A medium-sized human chromosome contains about 100 millionbp. If the DNA were stretched out in a linear manner, how longwould it be?arrow_forwardSuppose that E. coli synthesizes DNA at a rate of 100,000 nucleotides per minute and takes 40 minutes to replicate its chromosome. (a) How many base pairs are present in the entire E. coli chromosome? (b) What is the physical length of the chromosome in its helical configuration—that is, what is the circumference of the chromosome if it were opened into a circle?arrow_forwarda. How many different DNA strands composed of100 nucleotides could possibly exist?b. How many different proteins composed of100 amino acids could possibly exist?arrow_forward
- With respect to genetics, how is Y chromosome DNA different than nuclear DNA?arrow_forwardUsing a laser beam, you isolated several R bands from human chromosomes. Answer the following questions What kinds of genes are present in R bands? Which isochors do you expect to be present in the R band? What class of interspersed repeats will be present in R bands? What class of tandem repeats do you expect to find in RG bands? Would you expect to find telomere sequences in some R bands?arrow_forwardThe human genome is approximately 3 billion basepairs in size.a. Using standard 8.5″ × 11″ paper with one-inch margins, a 12-point font size, and single-spaced lines, howmany sheets of paper printed on one side would berequired to print out the human genome?b. A ream of 500 sheets of paper is about 5 cm thick.How tall would the stack of paper with the entirehuman genome be?c. Would you want a backpack, shopping cart, or asemitrailer truck to haul around this stack?arrow_forward
- What we know about the organization of DNA sequences within the chromosomes making up an organism’s genome ?arrow_forwardIf you assume the average length of a DNA linker region is 50 bp,approximately how many nucleosomes can be found in the haploidhuman genome, which contains 3 billion bp?arrow_forwardA diploid human cell contains approximately 6.4 billion base pairs of DNA. Assuming that the linker DNA encompasses 35 bp, how many nucleosomes are present in such a cell? Use two significant figures. How many histone proteins are complexed with this DNA? use two significant figures.arrow_forward
- Each cell of the human body contains 46 chromosomes. How many DNA molecules does this statement represent? How many different types of DNA molecules does it represent?arrow_forwardA DNA sequence can be represented as a string of the letters ACTG (short for adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine). (a) How many DNA sequences are exactly 24 letters long? (b) Given a DNA sequence of length 24, how many single letter mutations are possible? (c) Given a DNA sequence of length 24, how many double letter mutations are possible?arrow_forwardIf a nucleus with four chromosomes was going to accurately display all the chromosomes in a human cell, how many chromosomes would have to be in the nucleus?arrow_forward
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