Loose-leaf Version for What is Life? A Guide to Biology
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781464172274
Author: Jay Phelan
Publisher: W.H. Freeman & Co
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Chapter 1, Problem 5MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Empirical knowledge comes from experience and observation.
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A valid hypothesis… (Mark any that apply.)
A. should be posed as a question.
B. always leads to groundbreaking results.
C. can be checked by experimentation.
D. is falsifiable.
E. is used to decide between a small number of alternatives.
choose all that apply
Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding inference?
A. inference can be used along with observation to form conclusions
B. inference should never be used to gain any kind of knowledge
C. inference makes no assumptions
D. inference should not be used in scientific work
E. inference is a type of observation
Formulate three (3) hypotheses.Hypothesis: cause and effect/premise and prediction - ”If..then..” statements Example: “If the glass is tapped, then the fish will swim away”
There are four evaluation criteria that a hypothesis must meet. First, it must state an expected relationship between variables. Second, it must be testable and falsifiable; researchers must be able to test whether a hypothesis is true or false. Third, it should be consistent with the existing body of knowledge. Finally, it should be stated as simply and concisely as possible.
Chapter 1 Solutions
Loose-leaf Version for What is Life? A Guide to Biology
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- Why the results of the Swan-neck flask experiment were reliable ?: Select one: a. Because it maintained no controls at all b. Because proper controls were maintained and only one variable changed at a time c. Because many controls were maintained d. Because it was repeatedly done by several scientists e. Because it tested all variables at the same timearrow_forwardWhat is science? (Mark any that apply.) A. A method to find enlightenment. B. A process by which knowledge is produced. C. A body of knowledge. D. A way of making predictions that are testable. E. A system to determine the correct opinion. select all that applyarrow_forwardState whether the following statements are true or false. (a). A hypothesis must be testable and fasifiable. (b). Failure to falsify a hypothesis proves that hypothesis. (C) In the context of science, a law is general and can lead to new testable hypotheses.arrow_forward
- In an experiment, the control group is used to: a Change the variable b Provide a baseline for comparison with the test group c add additional non-dependent variables d demonstrate correlation rather than causation e generate hypothesesarrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT a reason why Wakefield’s study on the connection between autism and vaccinations was flawed? A. the study had a small sample size B. the study was not replicable C. the study acquired samples unethically and, quite possibly, illegally D. the study demonstrated everyone’s well being was taken care of E. the authors committed deliberate fraud to support their hypothesisarrow_forwardWhich of these statements are true about predictions and hypotheses? (4 are true) □ If the results of the experiment are NOT consistent with a given prediction then that hypothesis is false. O Hypotheses and predotions are the same as theories. A predictions is a possible explanations to explain the initial observation. Predictions and hypotheses are the same thing. Predictions are usually written as if/then statements. "If I do this, then that will happen." O The prediction step comes before the hypothesis. Hypotheses are usually written as if/then statements. "If I do this, then that will happen." A hypothesis is a possible explanations to explain the initial observation. O The prediction step comes after the hypothesis.arrow_forward
- The purpose of the constant is to: a. allow for adjustment of the control b. eliminate other potential factors/variables in the experiment c. allow for the dependent variable to show the necessary outcome d. help prove the hypothesis correctarrow_forwardWhich of the following is not mentioned by Marder (2011) as a category of experimental research? A. Developing a mathematical model of a biology process B. Measuring a value C. Measuring a relationship between variables D. Using computers for analysis E. Improving and industrial productarrow_forwardA hypothesis cannot be formed without which of the following? a. experimentation b. observation c. datad. theoryarrow_forward
- Which of the following is not correctly linked?a. model: a representation of an object used in an experimentb. standard deviation: a form of statistical analysisc. principle: a theory that is not supported by experimental evidenced. data: the results of an experiment or observationarrow_forwarda. 20. In science, a theory is defined as a. a speculative guess. b. a hypothesis. C. an explanation that is well documented and consistent with the evidence. d. a description of a phenomenon for which there is no explanation. e. a personal conviction.arrow_forwardIdentify each statement below as S if it can be tested scientifically or N if it is non-empirical knowledge. Explain your answer. a. Leonardo da Vinci is a better painter than Picasso is. b. Alcohol consumption by pregnant women may cause birth defects in their babies. c. There is a God. d. The sun rises in the east every morning.arrow_forward
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