Concept explainers
Interpretation:
For each of the acid-base reaction, the acid, base, conjugate acid, and conjugate base are to be identified. The equilibrium constant for each of reaction is to be calculated.
Concept introduction:
An acid is a chemical substance that readily donates protons and a base is a chemical substance that can easily accept a proton. During an acid-base reaction, the interaction between an acid and a base is taken place because of the transfer of a proton.
The equilibrium constant expression for an acid-base reaction is written as follows:
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ORGANIC CHEMISTRY,VOL.1 >CUSTOM<
- The following are equivalent ways of asking about the acidity of an H atom: • What is the most acidic H on the molecule? • Which H is associated with the published pKa value? • Which H on the molecule is easiest to remove? • Which H on the molecule takes the least energy to remove? • Which bond to an H is most polarized? • For which H atom is removal least uphill in energy? • Which bond to an H atom, when broken, results in the lowest PE conjugate base? We will often find the last of these questions is easiest to answer. To do this, find all the different Hatoms on the molecule, and draw all possible conjugate bases.Only the lowest-energy one is the “real” conjugate base. Identify this structure, and you have found the most acidic H. Use this strategy to find the most acidic H on each of the following molecules. Note: Each structure hasat least three different kinds of H’s, so draw at least three unique conjugate bases for each.arrow_forward(E) Label each of the following as strong acid, strong base, or neither.arrow_forwardComplete the equation for the reaction between each Lewis acid-base pair. In each equation, label which starting material is the Lewis acid and which is the Lewis base; use curved arrows to show the flow of electrons in each reaction. In doing this problem, it is essential that you show valence electrons for all atoms participating in each reaction. (a) (b) (c) (d)arrow_forward
- Several acids and their respective equilibrium constants are: Which is the strongest acid? Which is the weakest acid? Which acid has the weakest conjugate base? Which acid has the strongest conjugate base?arrow_forwardSecond picture are the answer choices , and the other one is acids or bases.arrow_forwardusing the data in the table, indicate which direction the equilibrium will lie for each of the following acid/base reactions. Use an arrow to indicate the direction of the equilibriumarrow_forward
- What is the conjugate acid of each of the following? What is the conjugate base of each? (Omit states-of-matter from your answer.) H2S Conjugate acid= Conjugate base = H2PO4− Conjugate acid= Conjugate base = HSO3− Conjugate acid= Conjugate base =arrow_forwardShow the products of this acid-base reaction and predict whether the equilibrium favors the reactants or the products. Use curved arrows. the acid is listed first. Is it reactant favored or product favored?arrow_forwardIdentify the conjugate acid/conjugate base pairs for the structure below. See picture attached.arrow_forward
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