Chemistry: Principles and Reactions (Custom)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781305765245
Author: ZUMDAHL
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Textbook Question
Chapter 1, Problem 6RQ
Consider Ernest Rutherford’s α-particle bombardment experiment illustrated in Fig. l- 16. How did the results of this experiment lead Rutherford away from the plum pudding model of the atom to propose the nuclear model o f the atom?
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Chemistry: Principles and Reactions (Custom)
Ch. 1 - Define and e xplain the differences between the...Ch. 1 - Is the scientific method suitable for solving...Ch. 1 - Use Daltons atomic theory to account for each of...Ch. 1 - What evidence led to the conclusion that cathode...Ch. 1 - What discoveries were made by J. J. Thomson, Henri...Ch. 1 - Consider Ernest Rutherfords -particle bombardment...Ch. 1 - Do the proton and the neutron have exactly the...Ch. 1 - What is the distinction between atomic number and...Ch. 1 - Paracelsus, a sixteenth-century alchemist and...Ch. 1 - What is wrong with the following statement? The...
Ch. 1 - Which of the following is true about an individual...Ch. 1 - These questions concern the work of J. J. Thomson....Ch. 1 - Which of the following explain how an ion is...Ch. 1 - You have a chemical in a sealed glass container...Ch. 1 - You may have noticed that when water boils, you...Ch. 1 - One of the best indications of a useful theory is...Ch. 1 - Prob. 9ALQCh. 1 - Which (if any) of the following can be determined...Ch. 1 - The difference between a law and a theory is the...Ch. 1 - As part of a science project, you study traffic...Ch. 1 - Explain the fundamental steps of the scientific...Ch. 1 - When hydrogen is burned in oxygen to form water,...Ch. 1 - Explain the law of conservation of mass, the law...Ch. 1 - Chlorine has two natural isotopes: C1737I and...Ch. 1 - The vitamin niacin (nicotinic acid, C6H5NO2) can...Ch. 1 - Section 1-5 describes the postulates of Daltons...Ch. 1 - The contributions of J. J. Thomson and Ernest...Ch. 1 - What is the modern view of the structure of the...Ch. 1 - The number of protons in an atom determines the...Ch. 1 - If the volume of a proton is similar to the volume...Ch. 1 - Prob. 23QCh. 1 - What refinements had to be made in Daltons atomic...Ch. 1 - When mixtures of gaseous H2 and gaseous Cl2 react,...Ch. 1 - Observations of the reaction between nitrogen gas...Ch. 1 - A sample of chloroform is found to contain 12.0 g...Ch. 1 - A sample of H2SO4 contains 2.02 g of hydrogen,...Ch. 1 - Hydrazine, ammonia, and hydrogen azide al1 contain...Ch. 1 - Consider 100.0-g samples of two different...Ch. 1 - The three most stable oxides of carbon are carbon...Ch. 1 - Two elements, R and Q, combine to form two binary...Ch. 1 - Prob. 33ECh. 1 - In a combustion reaction, 46.0 g of ethanol reacts...Ch. 1 - Early tables of atomic weights (masses) were...Ch. 1 - Indium oxide contains 4.784 g of indium for every...Ch. 1 - Prob. 37ECh. 1 - If you wanted to make an accurate scale model of...Ch. 1 - In an experiment it was found that the total...Ch. 1 - A chemist in a galaxy far, far away performed the...Ch. 1 - Write the symbol of each atom using the ZAX...Ch. 1 - For carbon-14 and carbon-12, how many protons and...Ch. 1 - How many protons and neutrons are in the nucleus...Ch. 1 - What number of protons and neutrons is contained...Ch. 1 - Prob. 45ECh. 1 - Write the atomic symbol (ZAX) for each of the...Ch. 1 - For each of the following ions, indicate the...Ch. 1 - How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in...Ch. 1 - Prob. 49ECh. 1 - What is the symbol of an ion with 16 protons, 18...Ch. 1 - Complete the following table:Ch. 1 - Complete the following table:Ch. 1 - Four Fe2+ ions are key components of hemoglobin,...Ch. 1 - Which of the following statements is/are true? For...Ch. 1 - Identify each of the following elements. Give the...Ch. 1 - The isotope of an unknown element, X, has a mass...Ch. 1 - Prob. 57AECh. 1 - The early alchemists used to do an experiment in...Ch. 1 - In a reaction, 34.0 g of chromium(III) oxide...Ch. 1 - Prob. 60CWPCh. 1 - Complete the following table. Atmos Number of...Ch. 1 - Complete the following table.Ch. 1 - Which of the following is( are) correct? a. C40a2+...Ch. 1 - Prob. 64CPCh. 1 - Each of the following statements is true, but...Ch. 1 - Reaction of 2.0 L of hydrogen gas with 1.0 L of...Ch. 1 - A combustion reaction involves the reaction of a...Ch. 1 - A chemistry instructor makes the following claim:...Ch. 1 - You have two distinct gaseous compounds made from...Ch. 1 - Using the information in Table 1-1, answer the...Ch. 1 - A single molecule has a mass of 7.31 1023 g....Ch. 1 - You have gone back in time and are working with...
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- The Rutherford experiment was performed and its conclusions reached before protons and neutrons were discovered. When they were found, why was it believed that they were in the nucleus of the atom?arrow_forwardWho discovered the electron? Describe the experiment that led to the deduction that electrons are negatively charged particles.arrow_forwardHow can we account for the fact that, in the Rutherford scattering experiment, some of the alpha particles were deflected from their paths through the gold foil, and some were even deflected back at various angles?arrow_forward
- Scientists J. J. Thomson and William Thomson (Lord Kelvin) made numerous contributions to our understanding of the atom’s structure. Which subatomic particle did J. J. Thomson discover, and what did this lead him to postulate about the nature of the atom? William Thomson postulated what became known as the “plum pudding” model of the atom’s structure. What did this model suggest?arrow_forwardWhat particles are found in the nucleus of an atom? What is the charge of the nucleus?arrow_forwardYou have learned about three different models of the atom: Dalton’s model, Thomson’s model, and Rutherford’s model. What if Dalton was correct? What would Rutherford have expected from his experiments with the metal foil? What if Thomson was correct? What would Rutherford have expected from his experiments with the metal foil?arrow_forward
- For each of the isotopes in Exercise 21.1, determine the numbers of protons, neutrons, and electrons in a neutral atom of the isotope.arrow_forwardWhat is meant by stating that the charge of an electron is 1? What is the symbol of the electron?arrow_forwardWhat are the different kinds of particles in the atoms nucleus? Compare their properties with each other and with those of an electron.arrow_forward
- Which of the following are isotopes of element X, the atomic number for which is 9: 919X, 920X, 189X, and 921X?arrow_forwardhat questions were left unanswered by Rutherford’s experiments?arrow_forwardHow can we account for the fact that most of the alpha particles in the Rutherford scattering experiment passed directly through a solid sheet of gold?arrow_forward
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