Concept explainers
10.101 Fluorine reacts with liquid water to form gaseous hydrogen fluoride and oxygen. (a) Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction. (b) Use tabulated data to determine the free energy change for the reaction and comment on its spontaneity. (c) Use tabulated data to calculate the enthalpy change of the reaction. (d) Determine how much heat flows and in what direction when 34.5 g of fluorine gas is bubbled through excess water.
Interpretation:
Fluorine reacts with liquid water to form HF and Oxygen gas. The feasibility of this reaction can be identified by using free energy change. The free energy change, enthalpy change and entropy change can be calculated by using standard data.
Concept introduction: The free energy change of the reaction
If the sign of the free energy change is negative, it indicates that the reaction is spontaneous.
Answer to Problem 10.101PAE
Solution: a) The balanced equation is
b)
c)
d) The amount of heat produced by 34.5 g of F2 = 233 kJ
Given: From the standard data −
Explanation of Solution
a)
The balanced chemical equation of the given reaction is as follows.
b) From the standard data −
c)
From the standard data −
d)
From the balanced equation, 2 mols
Therefore, the amount of heat produced by 34.5 g of Fluorine
The reaction is non-spontaneous as the sign of the free energy change is negative. The enthalpy change is negative and indicates that the reaction is an exothermic reaction.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 10 Solutions
CHEM FOR ENG >I<>CUSTOM<
- 9.47 If 14.8 kJ of heat is given off when 1.6 g of HCl condenses from vapor to liquid, what is Hcond for this substance?arrow_forwardn Section 10.7, two characteristics of enthalpy changes for reactions are listed. What are these characteristics? Explain why these characteristics are true.arrow_forward9.102 A runner generates 418 kJ of energy per kilometer from the cellular oxidation of food. The runner's body must dissipate this heat or the body will overheat. Suppose that sweat evaporation is the only important cooling mechanism. If you estimate the enthalpy of evaporation of water as 44 kJ/mol and assume that sweat can he treated as water, describe how you would estimate the volume of sweat that would have to be evaporated if the runner runs a 10-km race.arrow_forward
- Would the amount of heat absorbed by the dissolution in Example 5.6 appear greater, lesser, or remain the same if the heat capacity of the calorimeter were taken into account? Explain your answer.arrow_forward9.21 Which type of energy heat or work, is valued more by society? What evidence supports your judgment?arrow_forward9.49 Hvap=31.3 kJ/mol for acetone. If 1.40 kg of water were vaporized to steam in a boiler, how much acetone (in kg) would need to be vaporized to use the same amount of heat?arrow_forward
- The reaction SO3(g)+H2O(l)H2SO4(aq) is the last step in the commercial production of sulfuric acid. The enthalpy change for this reaction is 227 kJ. In designing a sulfuric acid plant, is it necessary to provide for heating or cooling of the reaction mixture? Explain.arrow_forwardThe enthalpy change when 1 mol methane (CH4) is burned is 890 kJ. It takes 44.0 kJ to vaporize 1 mol water. What mass of methane must be burned to provide the heat needed to vaporize 1.00 g water?arrow_forwardConsider a mixture of air and gasoline vapor in a cylinder with a piston. The original volume is 40. cm3. If the combustion of this mixture releases 950. J of energy, to what volume will the gases expand against a constant pressure of 650. torr if all the energy of combustion is converted into work to push back the piston?arrow_forward
- When hydrazine reacts with oxygen, nitrogen gas and steam are formed. (a) Write a thermochemical equation for the reaction. (b) How much heat is evolved or absorbed if 1.683 L of steam at 125C and 772 mm Hg are obtained?arrow_forwardThere is 3930 J of energy added to a 79.8-g sample of H2 gas. By how much doesthe temperature change?arrow_forwardChloromethane, CH3CI, arises from microbial fermentation and is found throughout the environment. It is also produced industrially, is used in the manufacture of various chemicals, and has been used as a topical anesthetic. How much energy is required to convert 92.5 g of liquid to a vapor at its boiling point, 24.09 C? (The heat of vaporization of CH3Cl is 21.40 kJ/mol.)arrow_forward
- Chemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry for Engineering StudentsChemistryISBN:9781337398909Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom HolmePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning