Chapter 10, Problem 10.86QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis structure and geometry of ${\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{6}}$ molecule should be drawn.  The hybridization of aluminium atom of ${\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{6}}$ and ${\text{AlCl}}_{\text{3}}$ should be identified.  Also to find whether ${\text{AlCl}}_{\text{3}}$ and ${\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{6}}$ possess any dipole moment

Concept Introduction:

• Lewis structures are diagrams that represent the chemical bonding of covalentlybonded molecules and coordination compounds.
• The Lewis structure is based on the concept of the octet rule so that the electrons shared in each atom should have 8 electrons in its outer shell.
• Molecular geometry is the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule. It is the three dimensional arrangement of bonded atoms. Many chemical, physical and even biological properties depend on molecular geometry.
• Hybridization is the mixing of valence atomic orbitals to get equivalent hybridized orbitals that having similar characteristics and energy.
• Geometry of a molecule can be predicted by knowing its hybridization
• Dipole moment$\left(\text{μ}\right)$ occurs on polar bonds where there is a separation of charges within the molecule.  Dipole moment is formed due to the difference in electronegativity of atoms within the molecule and is a measure of polarity.

To find: The Lewis structures of ${\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{6}}$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis structure and geometry of ${\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{6}}$ molecule should be drawn.  The hybridization of aluminium atom of ${\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{6}}$ and ${\text{AlCl}}_{\text{3}}$ should be identified.  Also to find whether ${\text{AlCl}}_{\text{3}}$ and ${\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{6}}$ possess any dipole moment

Concept Introduction:

• Lewis structures are diagrams that represent the chemical bonding of covalentlybonded molecules and coordination compounds.
• The Lewis structure is based on the concept of the octet rule so that the electrons shared in each atom should have 8 electrons in its outer shell.
• Molecular geometry is the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule. It is the three dimensional arrangement of bonded atoms. Many chemical, physical and even biological properties depend on molecular geometry.
• Hybridization is the mixing of valence atomic orbitals to get equivalent hybridized orbitals that having similar characteristics and energy.
• Geometry of a molecule can be predicted by knowing its hybridization
• Dipole moment$\left(\text{μ}\right)$ occurs on polar bonds where there is a separation of charges within the molecule.  Dipole moment is formed due to the difference in electronegativity of atoms within the molecule and is a measure of polarity.

To identify: the hybridization of aluminum in ${\text{AlCl}}_{\text{3}}$ and ${\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{6}}$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis structure and geometry of ${\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{6}}$ molecule should be drawn.  The hybridization of aluminium atom of ${\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{6}}$ and ${\text{AlCl}}_{\text{3}}$ should be identified.  Also to find whether ${\text{AlCl}}_{\text{3}}$ and ${\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{6}}$ possess any dipole moment

Concept Introduction:

• Lewis structures are diagrams that represent the chemical bonding of covalentlybonded molecules and coordination compounds.
• The Lewis structure is based on the concept of the octet rule so that the electrons shared in each atom should have 8 electrons in its outer shell.
• Molecular geometry is the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule. It is the three dimensional arrangement of bonded atoms. Many chemical, physical and even biological properties depend on molecular geometry.
• Hybridization is the mixing of valence atomic orbitals to get equivalent hybridized orbitals that having similar characteristics and energy.
• Geometry of a molecule can be predicted by knowing its hybridization
• Dipole moment$\left(\text{μ}\right)$ occurs on polar bonds where there is a separation of charges within the molecule.  Dipole moment is formed due to the difference in electronegativity of atoms within the molecule and is a measure of polarity.

To sketch: the geometry of ${\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{6}}$

    

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Lewis structure and geometry of ${\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{6}}$ molecule should be drawn.  The hybridization of aluminium atom of ${\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{6}}$ and ${\text{AlCl}}_{\text{3}}$ should be identified.  Also to find whether ${\text{AlCl}}_{\text{3}}$ and ${\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{6}}$ possess any dipole moment

Concept Introduction:

• Lewis structures are diagrams that represent the chemical bonding of covalentlybonded molecules and coordination compounds.
• The Lewis structure is based on the concept of the octet rule so that the electrons shared in each atom should have 8 electrons in its outer shell.
• Molecular geometry is the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule. It is the three dimensional arrangement of bonded atoms. Many chemical, physical and even biological properties depend on molecular geometry.
• Hybridization is the mixing of valence atomic orbitals to get equivalent hybridized orbitals that having similar characteristics and energy.
• Geometry of a molecule can be predicted by knowing its hybridization
• Dipole moment$\left(\text{μ}\right)$ occurs on polar bonds where there is a separation of charges within the molecule.  Dipole moment is formed due to the difference in electronegativity of atoms within the molecule and is a measure of polarity.

To identify: whether ${\text{AlCl}}_{\text{3}}$ and ${\text{Al}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{6}}$ possess any dipole moment