Mindtap Psychology, 1 Term (6 Months) Printed Access Card For Gravetter/forzano's Research Methods For The Behavioral Sciences, 5th
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781305264946
Author: GRAVETTER, Frederick J; Forzano, Lori-ann B.
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 10, Problem 1E
In addition to the key words, you should also be able to define the following terms:
Individual differences
Differential effects
History
Instrumentation
Order effects
Maturation
Statistical regression
Interrupted time-series designs
Single-case, or single-subject designs
Participant attrition, or participant mortality
Expert Solution & Answer
To determine
The given terms.
Answer to Problem 1E
Solution:
The definitions of the terms are stated below.
Explanation of Solution
- Individual differences: These are personal characteristics that differ from one participant to another.
- Differential effects: The Differential Outcomes Effect is a theory in Behaviorism, a branch of psychology that shows that a positive effect on accuracy occurs in discrimination learning between different stimuli when unique rewards are paired with each individual stimulus.
- History: The term history, refers to the environmental events other than the treatment that changes over time and may affect the scores in one treatment differently than in another treatment.
- Instrumentation: Instrumentation refers to changes in a measuring instrument that occur over time.
- Order effects: When an individual is tested in a series of treatment conditions, participation in one treatment may have an influence on the participants' scores in the treatments that follow and it is referred as order effects.
- Maturation: Any systematic changes in participant's physiology or psychology that occur during a research study and affect the participants' scores are referred to as maturation.
- Statistical regression: This refers to the tendency for extreme scores on any measurements to move towards the mean when the measurement procedure is repeated.
- Interrupted time-series designs: Interrupted time series is a special type of time series where treatment/intervention occurred at a specific point and the series is broken up by the introduction of the intervention.
- Single-case or single-subject designs: In the design of experiments, single-subject design or single-case research design is a research design most often used in the applied fields of psychology, education, and human behavior in which the subject serves as his/her own control, rather than using another individual/group.
- Participant attrition or participant mortality: Participants frequently drop out of experiments whilst they are taking place/before they finish; something that is known as participant mortality or participant attrition.
Conclusion:
The terms defined above are needed to properly understand any statistical experiment.
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QUESTION 4
Agree or disagree with the following statements about using the repeated measures design.
1. The variability of the data tends to increase when using a repeated measures design_________
2. The cost of study will tend to decrease when using a repeated measures design ___________
3. The number of participants will tend to increase when using a repeated measures design ____________
4. The time it takes to run a study will tend to decrease, when running a repeated measures design _____________
QUESTION 5
What does the name repeated measures refer to?
a
two samples gets data taken from two times
b
one sample is used three times
c
one sample gets data taken from two times
d
one sample gets data taken from one time
QUESTION 6
Which of the following hypotheses should NOT be tested using a within design? Think about what is actually possible and would allow us to collect accurate data.
a
exercise reduces blood…
Chapter 10 Solutions
Mindtap Psychology, 1 Term (6 Months) Printed Access Card For Gravetter/forzano's Research Methods For The Behavioral Sciences, 5th
Ch. 10.1 - Define, compare, and contrast the experimental,...Ch. 10.2 - Define a nonequivalent group design and identify...Ch. 10.2 - Explain how individual differences threaten the...Ch. 10.2 - Describe the two nonexperimental nonequivalent...Ch. 10.2 - Explain how a simple modification of the...Ch. 10.3 - Define a pre-post design and identify examples of...Ch. 10.3 - Identify the threats to internal validity for...Ch. 10.3 - Describe the nonexpenmental pretest-posttest...Ch. 10.3 - Explain how replacing the single observation...Ch. 10.4 - Define cross-sectional and longitudinal designs,...
Ch. 10.5 - Identify the statistical techniques that are...Ch. 10.5 - Explain how the terms quasi-independent variable...Ch. 10 - In addition to the key words, you should also be...Ch. 10 - Why are studies that examine the effects of aging...Ch. 10 - Explain why we can be more confident about causal...Ch. 10 - Give an example of a situation (aside from gender)...Ch. 10 - In this chapter, we described a study in which...Ch. 10 - Mueller and Oppenheimer (2014) conducted a series...Ch. 10 - A researcher measures personality characteristics...Ch. 10 - A researcher wants to describe the effectiveness...Ch. 10 - Explain how the pretest helps minimize the threat...Ch. 10 - Describe the basic characteristics of a pre-post...Ch. 10 - To evaluate the effectiveness of a new television...Ch. 10 - Prob. 12ECh. 10 - A researcher wants to describe how fine motor...Ch. 10 - Identify the appropriate statistical test for each...Ch. 10 - The college offers all students an optional...Ch. 10 - All of us have a tendency to categorize people...Ch. 10 - Prob. 2EACh. 10 - Prob. 3EA
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