Concept explainers
To describe: The potential mechanisms in which erroneous reaction of the immune system with self-tissue causes autoimmune diseases.
Introduction: A complex network of the specialized organs, cells, and tissues of the body that are involved in protecting it against the foreign invaders are referred to as the immune system. The purpose of this system is to keep away and destroy the infectious microbes from the body. Sometimes, inappropriate immune responses would also lead to certain diseases such as autoimmune diseases. This illness causes the immune system to act against the normal tissues of the body.
Explanation of Solution
The potential mechanisms in which the erroneous reaction of immune response with the self-tissue leads to autoimmune disease are as follows:
- The occurrence of minute alterations in the self-tissues of the body might lead to immunogenic attacks.
- During the fetal development, the occurrence that does not come in contact with the lymphocytes directly might cause autoimmune reactions. This occurs if the self-antigens are released subsequently from sequestration.
- Abnormal production of the subclasses of T lymphocytes, especially the T-suppressor cells along with the development of abnormal B cells that do not respond to the signals of suppressor T cells is also been proposed.
- The viruses might also be considered as a factor as they have the capacity of altering the self cells.
- Genetic components are also found to be a potential cause for autoimmune diseases.
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Pathophysiology
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