Essentials of Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781133956570
Author: Frederick J Gravetter, Larry B. Wallnau
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 10, Problem 22P
Recent research has demonstrated that music-based physical training for elderly people can improve balance, walking efficiency, and reduce the risk of falls (Trombetti et al,. 2011). As part of the training, participants walked in time to music and responded to changes in the music’s rhythm during a one-hour per week exercise program. After six months, participants m the training group increased their walking speed and their stride length compared to individuals in the control group. The following data are similar to the results obtained in the study.
Do the results indicate a significant difference in the stride length for the two groups? Use a two-tailed test with α =.05
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In a study attempting to replicate findings by Stephens, Atkins, & Kingston (2009), each participant was asked to plunge a hand into the icy water and keep it there as long as the pain would allow. In one condition, the participants repeated their favorite curse words while their hands were in the water. In the other condition, they repeated neutral words. The original research showed that, in addition to lowering the participants’ perception of pain, swearing also increased the amount of time they were able to tolerate the pain. Data similar to the results obtained in the study are shown in the following table:
_____________Amount of Time (in Seconds)_
Participant Swear Words Neutral Words
1 94 59
2 70 61
3 52 47
4…
In a study attempting to replicate findings by Stephens, Atkins, & Kingston (2009), each participant was asked to plunge a hand into the icy water and keep it there as long as the pain would allow. In one condition, the participants repeated their favorite curse words while their hands were in the water. In the other condition, they repeated neutral words. The original research showed that, in addition to lowering the participants’ perception of pain, swearing also increased the amount of time they were able to tolerate the pain. Data similar to the results obtained in the study are shown in the following table:
_____________Amount of Time (in Seconds)_
Participant Swear Words Neutral Words
1 94 59
2 70 61
3 52 47
4…
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Does posting calorie content for menu items affect people’s choices in fast-food restaurants? According to results obtained by Elbel, Gyamfi, and Kersh (2011), the answer is no. The researchers monitored the calorie content of food purchases for children and adolescents in four large fast-food chains before and after mandatory labeling began in New York City. Although most of the adolescents reported noticing the calorie labels, apparently the labels had no effect on their choices. Data similar to the results obtained show an average of M = 786 calories per meal with s = 85 for n = 100 children and adolescents before the labeling, compared to an average of M = 772 calories with s = 91 for a similar sample of n = 100 after the mandatory posting.
Use a two-tailed test with a α .05 to determine whether the mean number of calories after the posting is significantly different than before calorie content was posted.
3. Calculate r 2 to…
Chapter 10 Solutions
Essentials of Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences
Ch. 10.2 - What is the defining characteristic of an...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 2LCCh. 10.2 - One sample from an independent-measures study has...Ch. 10.2 - One sample from an independent-measures study has...Ch. 10.2 - Prob. 5LCCh. 10.3 - An educational psychologist would like to...Ch. 10.3 - A research report states that there is a...Ch. 10.4 - A researcher is using an independent-measures...Ch. 10.4 - Prob. 2LCCh. 10.4 - When you are using an F-max test to evaluate the...
Ch. 10 - Describe the basic characteristics that define an...Ch. 10 - Describe what is measured by the estimated...Ch. 10 - If other factors are held constant, explain how...Ch. 10 - Describe the homogeneity of variance assumption...Ch. 10 - One sample has SS = 36 and a second sample has SS...Ch. 10 - One sample has SS = 70 and a second sample has SS...Ch. 10 - As noted on page 283, when the two population...Ch. 10 - Two samples are selected from the same population....Ch. 10 - Two separate samples, each with n = 15 individuals...Ch. 10 - Two separate samples, receive different...Ch. 10 - For each of the following, assume that the two...Ch. 10 - For each of the following, calculate the pooled...Ch. 10 - A researcher conducts an independent-measures...Ch. 10 - In a recent study, Piff, Kraus, Ct, Cheng, and...Ch. 10 - Hallam, Price, and Katsarou (2002) investigated...Ch. 10 - It appears that there is some truth to the old...Ch. 10 - Does posting caloric content for menu items affect...Ch. 10 - In 1974, Loftus and Palmer conducted a classic...Ch. 10 - Numerous studies have found that males report...Ch. 10 - Recent research has shown that creative people are...Ch. 10 - When people learn a new task, their performance...Ch. 10 - Recent research has demonstrated that music-based...Ch. 10 - Downs and Abwender (2002) evaluated soccer players...Ch. 10 - Research has shown that people are more likely to...
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- McAllister et al. (2012) compared varsity football and hockey players with varsity athletes from non-contact sports to determine whether exposure to head impacts during one season have an effect on cognitive performance. In the study, tests of new learning performance were significantly poorer for the contact sport athletes compared to the non-contact sport athletes. Cognitive Performance Contact Athletes Non-Contact Athletes n1 = 8 n2 = 8 M1 = 6 M2 = 9 s2 = 8 s2 = 6.23 Are the test scores significantly lower for the contact sport athletes than for the non-contact athletes? Conduct the appropriate hypothesis test using α = .05 and state your conclusion in terms of this problem. Make sure to use APA style conclusions (as shown in lecture videos).arrow_forwardIn a classic study, Shrauger (1972) examined the effect of an audience on performance for two groups of participants: high self-esteem and low self-esteem individuals. The participants in the study were given a problem-solving task with half of the individuals in each group working alone and a half working with an audience. Performance on the problem-solving task was measured for each individual. The results showed that the presence of an audience had little effect on high self-esteem participants but significantly lowered the performance for the low self-esteem participants. a. How many factors does this study have? What are they? b. Describe this study using the notation system that indicates factors and numbers of levels of each factor.arrow_forwardThe study “Evaluation of Prescribed Burning in Relation to Available Deer Browse” was undertaken at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1964 to determine if fire can be used as a viable management tool to increase the amount of forage available to deer during the crucial months in late winter and spring. Calcium is a required element for plants and animals. The amount taken up and stored in the plant is closely correlated to the amount present in the soil. It was hypothesized that fire may change the calcium levels present in the soil and thus affect the amount available to the deer. A large tract of land in the Fishburn Forest was selected for a prescribed burn. Soil samples were taken from 12 plots of equal area just prior to the burn on May 20, 1964, and analyzed for calcium. On July 16, 1964, postburn calcium levels were analyzed from the same plots. These values, in kilograms per plot, are presented in the following table. Do these data support the…arrow_forward
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