Bundle: Principles of Microeconomics, 7th + LMS Integrated Aplia, 1 term Printed Access Card
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781305242463
Author: N. Gregory Mankiw
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 10, Problem 7PA
Sub part (a):
To determine
Externality.
Sub part (b):
To determine
Externality.
Sub part (c):
To determine
Externality.
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Show the market for cigarettes in equilibrium, assuming that there are no laws banning smoking in public. Label the equilibrium private market price and quantity as Pm and Qm. Add whatever is needed to the model to show the impact of the negative externality from second-hand smoking. (Hint: In this case it is the consumers, not the sellers, who are creating the negative externality.) Label the social optimal output and price as Pe and Qe. On the graph, shade in the deadweight loss at the market output.
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Chapter 10 Solutions
Bundle: Principles of Microeconomics, 7th + LMS Integrated Aplia, 1 term Printed Access Card
Ch. 10.1 - Prob. 1QQCh. 10.2 - Prob. 2QQCh. 10.3 - Prob. 3QQCh. 10 - Prob. 1CQQCh. 10 - Prob. 2CQQCh. 10 - Prob. 3CQQCh. 10 - Prob. 4CQQCh. 10 - Prob. 5CQQCh. 10 - Prob. 6CQQCh. 10 - Prob. 1QR
Ch. 10 - Prob. 2QRCh. 10 - Prob. 3QRCh. 10 - Prob. 4QRCh. 10 - Prob. 5QRCh. 10 - Prob. 6QRCh. 10 - Prob. 1PACh. 10 - Prob. 2PACh. 10 - Prob. 3PACh. 10 - Greater consumption of alcohol leads to more motor...Ch. 10 - Prob. 5PACh. 10 - The many identical residents of Whoville love...Ch. 10 - Prob. 7PACh. 10 - Prob. 8PACh. 10 - Prob. 9PACh. 10 - Prob. 10PA
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- Define externality and please make sure to include three (3) key characteristics of the effects of an externality in your answer.arrow_forwardGive an ideal example of a positive (consumption) externality which leads to a market failurearrow_forwardDefine externalities. Also give an example of a negative externalityarrow_forward
- Suppose that speeding imposes externalities on other people resulting in a social cost of $50. A town is considering hiring an extra police officer to give out speeding tickets. If we want to maximize social welfare (absent enforcement costs), which of the following statements are true? (Assume risk neutral drivers.) What happens to the socially optimal cost of the speeding ticket if the town decides to hire the police officer? a) It goes down b) It goes up c) The amount that it goes down depends on salary of the police officer d) The amount if goes up depends on the salary of the police officer e) None of the abovearrow_forwardBefore Coase's 1960 paper the only real course of action economists prescribed for dealing with externalities (based on the work of A.C. Pigou) was to: Group of answer choices: a. subsidize all goods with externalities. b. tax goods with positive externalities and subsidize goods with negative externalities. c. tax goods with negative externalities and subsidize goods with positive externalities. d. tax all goods with externalities.arrow_forwardCause and Individual Example of Market Failure with a Negative Externality In Section 1, externalities are introduced as well as market failures, where the socially optimal output is not the same as what the market produces by itself. For this discussion, your task is to: Describe a real-world negative externality. In your externality identify who are the participants in the market and who receives the spillover How are the incentives for the firm misaligned from the rest of society to make the externality?arrow_forward
- What is the principal question Coase posits when it comes to negative externalities? Who should be allowed to inflict harm on whom? Who is morally correct in any given argument about harm? How large is the harm caused?arrow_forwardTo produce honey, beekeepers place hives of bees in the fields of farmers. As bees gather nectar, they pollinate the crops in the fields, increasing the yields of these fields at no additional cost to the farmer. a) Is this an externality in consumption or production? b) Is this a negative or positive externality? c) If this externality is not internalized, would beekeepers produce more or less bees than socially optimal? Why? d) Suggest a market-based solution that would internalize the externality. In your answer, give reference to the social cost and social value curves. e) What might be a reasonable private solution to this externality and how might the solution be reached?arrow_forwardDescribe the misallocation of resources when there is a negative externality. Describe (NOT LIST) some ways society (government) might use to correct the misallocation. Are we sure the resulting allocation will be correct?arrow_forward
- What does Coase mean by "the reciprocal nature" of the problem of negative externalities? the avoidance of harm done by one party causes harm to that party all people hurt all other people people take turns hurting each otherarrow_forwardWith rental rates exceeding $3,000 per square foot per year, retail space in Causeway Bay, Hong Kong, is among the world's most expensive. In 2011, the Town Planning Board limited the height of future buildings in the area to between 130 and 200 meters. Real estate developer Hysan Group, which owns nine properties in the area, asked the Board to relax the limits, but the Board denied the application. What externality does the height restriction resolve? How would the Hysan Group benefit from relaxing the height restrictions? Should the restrictions on height be the same throughout Hong Kong?arrow_forwardAssume a market for fertilizers, and let D denote the demand of fertilizers while S their supply. The inverse demand is p = 10 - q, and the supply is MC = q. The marginal damage created by runoff water being exposed to fertilizers is MEC = q/2 The use of fertilizers is creating an externality and the government wishes to intervene in the market. Use a figure to depict the competitive outcome. Derive the competitive equilibrium outcome. Use a second figure to explain the negative externality attributed to the use of fertilizers. The use of fertilizers improves yield, but it also damages the underground aquifer. What is the Pigovian Tax? Use a figure to explain. Can it be used to correct for the externality? Derive the Pigovian tax and characterize the social optimum solution. Can a standard achieve the social optimum? What about a quota? Explain using a figure. Explain and show step-by-step!arrow_forward
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