Concept explainers
Interpretation:
A line formulas for all primary, secondary, or tertiary free radicals having molecular formula
Concept introduction:
A carbon atom with three bonds and one unpaired electron is called a carbon radical.
The stability order of a carbon radical is Methyl < Primary < Secondary < Tertiary.
The methyl carbon radical is bonded to three hydrogen atoms.
The primary carbon radical is bonded to two hydrogen atoms.
The secondary carbon radical is bonded to one hydrogen atom.
The tertiary carbon radical does not have hydrogen attached.
Constitutional isomers having the same molecular formula differ in the order in which their atoms are connected.
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Chapter 10 Solutions
Connect Access Card Two Year for Organic Chemistry
- Which of the following statements about carbon radicals is not true?A) Carbon radicals are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary, or quaternary.B) A carbon radical is sp2 hybridized.C) The geometry of a carbon radical is trigonal planar.D) The unhybridized p orbital in a carbon radical contains the unpaired electron.arrow_forwardUsing the table of average bond dissociation enthalpies at 25°C, determine which of the following reactions are energetically favorable at room temperature. Assume that ▲S = 0. Q.CH2=CH2 + 2H2 + N2 --> H2NCH2CH2NH2arrow_forwardSelect all statements that are true regarding tertiary radicals - Tertiary radicals are more stable than primary radicals due to increased hyperconjugation from attached alkyl groups. - The CH bond that leads to a tertiary radical via homolysis has a higher bond dissociation energy that the CH bond leading to a primary radical - Tertiary radical hybridization geometry is best described as sp2 hybridization rather than sp3 hybridization - Radical chlorination reactions are more regioselective than radical bromination reactions when a tertiary radical can form.arrow_forward
- 11.) Which molecule below is an odd-electron molecule (a free radical)? Group of answer choices BeCl2 CH2F2 Cl2O N2O SeF4arrow_forwardWhat is the degree of unsaturation of C8H10ClNO? a. 4 b. 5 c. 6 d. 7arrow_forwardPhosphorus trichloride (PCl3) can be used to convert carboxylic acids into acid chlorides. The mechanism for the reaction is shown but the curved arrows and the formal charges on the respective atoms have been left out. a. Draw the missing curved arrows for each step. b. Add any missing formal chargesarrow_forward
- Rank each of the representations of NOCl from best to worst, placing the best structure on top and the worst at the bottom.arrow_forwardDraw a structural formula for the most stable carbocation with each molecular formula. Q.) C5H11+arrow_forwardAccording to the conventions above, what is the sign ( + or ) of the P.E. change (H) for Rxn 3?arrow_forward
- From the data in Figure 4-12 and Table 4-1, estimate the percentages of molecules that have their substituents in an axial orientation for the following compounds: (a) Isopropylcyclohexane (b) Fluorocyclohexane (c) Cyclohexanecarbonitrile, C6H11CNarrow_forwardBromine is a larger atom than chlorine, but the equilibrium constants in Table 3.9 indicate that a chloro substituent has a greater preference for the equatorial position than does a bromo substituent. Suggest an explanation for this fact.arrow_forwardWhich of the following would be has the highest priority according to the sequence rules? a. —SH c. —CH 3 b. —NH 2 d. —OHarrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning