Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:Whether the major product formed will have like or unlike stereochemistry or whether it is chiral or meso should be determined.
Concept introduction:In order to assign absolute configuration of R and S, Cahn − Ingold − Prelog rules are used and the first step is to assign the priority order with the
In order to distinguish the relative stereochemistry of two chiral centers situated adjacent to one another, like or unlike notation is used.
For enantiomeric pairs that have same stereochemistry at adjacent carbon atoms, the notation “l” designates “like” and notation “u” designates“un-like”.
Four kinds of symmetry elements that may be present are tabulated as follows:
Presence of any symmetry element makes molecule achiral and optically inactive.
(a)
Explanation of Solution
If the groups now are arranged are read from highest towards least in clockwise fashion then R is assigned to the stereocenter, if the rotation is anticlockwise then S is assigned at the configuration.
The products formed in reaction with bromine are both R due to the clockwise priority order indicated in the reaction below.
Since the enantiomers have same stereochemistry on both the carbons so they are like. These enantiomers have
(b)
Interpretation:Whether the major product formed will have like or unlike stereochemistry or whether it is chiral or meso should be determined.
Concept introduction:In order to assign absolute configuration of R and S, Cahn − Ingold − Prelog rules are used and the first step is to assign the priority order with the atomic number as the fundamental property. The one with the highest atomic number gest highest priority and is designated as “1” and so on.
In order to distinguish the relative stereochemistry of two chiral centers situated adjacent to one another, like or unlike notation is used.
For enantiomeric pairs that have same stereochemistry at adjacent carbon atoms, the notation “l” designates “like” and notation “u” designates “un-like”.
Four kinds of symmetry elements that may be present are tabulated as follows:
Presence of any symmetry element makes molecule achiral and optically inactive.
(b)
Explanation of Solution
If the groups now are arranged are read from highest towards least in clockwise fashion the R is assigned to the stereocenter, if the rotation is anticlockwise the S is assigned at the configuration.
The products formed in the reaction of bromine are R and S indicated in the reaction below.
Since the enantiomers have different stereochemistry on both the carbons so they are unlike. These enantiomers have no plane or axis of symmetry so they are chiral.
(c)
Interpretation:Whether the major product formed will have like or unlike stereochemistry or whether it is chiral or meso should be determined.
Concept introduction:In order to assign absolute configuration of R and S, Cahn − Ingold − Prelog rules are used and the first step is to assign the priority order with the atomic number as the fundamental property. The one with the highest atomic number gest highest priority and is designated as “1” and so on.
In order to distinguish the relative stereochemistry of two chiral centers situated adjacent to one another, like or unlike notation is used.
For enantiomeric pairs that have same stereochemistry at adjacent carbon atoms, the notation “l” designates “like” and notation “u” designates “un-like”.
Four kinds of symmetry elements that may be present are tabulated as follows:
Presence of any symmetry element makes molecule achiral and optically inactive.
(c)
Explanation of Solution
If the groups now are arranged are read from highest towards least in clockwise fashion the R is assigned to the stereocenter, if the rotation is anticlockwise the S is assigned at the configuration.
The products formed in the reaction of bromine with given
Since the enantiomers have the same stereochemistry on both the carbons so they are like. Further,the presence of
(d)
Interpretation:Whether the major product formed will have like or unlike stereochemistry or whether it is chiral or meso should be determined.
Concept introduction:In order to assign absolute configuration of R and S, Cahn − Ingold − Prelog rules are used and the first step is to assign the priority order with the atomic number as the fundamental property. The one with the highest atomic number gest highest priority and is designated as “1” and so on.
In order to distinguish the relative stereochemistry of two chiral centers situated adjacent to one another, like or unlike notation is used.
For enantiomeric pairs that have same stereochemistry at adjacent carbon atoms, the notation “l” designates “like” and notation “u” designates “un-like”.
Four kinds of symmetry elements that may be present are tabulated as follows:
Presence of any symmetry element makes molecule achiral and optically inactive.
(d)
Explanation of Solution
If the groups now are arranged are read from highest towards least in clockwise fashion the R is assigned to the stereocenter, if the rotation is anticlockwise the S is assigned at the configuration.
The products formed in the reaction of bromine with given alkene are indicated in the reaction below.
Since the enantiomers have same stereochemistry on both the carbons so they are like. Further presence of
(e)
Interpretation:Whether the major product formed will have like or unlike stereochemistry or whether it is chiral or meso should be determined.
Concept introduction:: In order to assign absolute configuration of R and S, Cahn − Ingold − Prelog rules are used and the first step is to assign the priority order with the atomic number as the fundamental property. The one with the highest atomic number gest highest priority and is designated as “1” and so on.
In order to distinguish the relative stereochemistry of two chiral centers situated adjacent to one another, like or unlike notation is used.
For enantiomeric pairs that have same stereochemistry at adjacent carbon atoms, the notation “l” designates “like” and notation “u” designates “un-like”.
Four kinds of symmetry elements that may be present are tabulated as follows:
Presence of any symmetry element makes molecule achiral and optically inactive.
(e)
Explanation of Solution
If the groups now are arranged are read from highest towards least in clockwise fashion the R is assigned to the stereocenter, if the rotation is anticlockwise the S is assigned at the configuration.
The products formed in the reaction of bromine with given alkene are indicated in the reaction below.
Since the major enantiomer has the same stereochemistry on both the carbons so they are like. These enantiomers have no plane or axis of symmetry so they are chiral.
(f)
Interpretation:Whether the major product formed will have like or unlike stereochemistry or whether it is chiral or meso should be determined.
Concept introduction:: In order to assign absolute configuration of R and S, Cahn − Ingold − Prelog rules are used and the first step is to assign the priority order with the atomic number as the fundamental property. The one with the highest atomic number gest highest priority and is designated as “1” and so on.
In order to distinguish the relative stereochemistry of two chiral centers situated adjacent to one another, like or unlike notation is used.
For enantiomeric pairs that have same stereochemistry at adjacent carbon atoms, the notation “l” designates “like” and notation “u” designates “un-like”.
Four kinds of symmetry elements that may be present are tabulated as follows:
Presence of any symmetry element makes molecule achiral and optically inactive.
(f)
Explanation of Solution
If the groups now are arranged are read from highest towards least in clockwise fashion the R is assigned to the stereocenter, if the rotation is anticlockwise the S is assigned at the configuration.
The products formed in the reaction of bromine with given alkene are R, S and S, R respectively due to the priority order indicated in the reaction below.
Since the enantiomers have different stereochemistry on both the carbons so they are unlike. These enantiomers havethe plane of symmetry so they are meso.
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Chapter 10 Solutions
OWLv2 with LabSkills for Gilbert/Martin's Experimental Organic Chemistry: A Miniscale & Microscale Approach, 6th Edition, [Instant Access], 4 terms (24 months)
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- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning