Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change
Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781259631757
Author: Martin Silberberg Dr., Patricia Amateis Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 11, Problem 11.37P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The order of decreasing bond energy of B2+, B2 and B2 on the basis of the molecular orbital diagram is to be ranked.

Concept introduction:

A molecular orbital diagram is a tool that is used to describe the chemical bonding formed between different molecules. It is used to predict the bond strength and the electronic transitions that a molecule can undergo.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 11.37P

The order of decreasing bond energy of B2+, B2 and B2 is B2>B2>B2+.

Explanation of Solution

The molecular orbital diagram of B2 is as follows:

Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change, Chapter 11, Problem 11.37P , additional homework tip  1

The formula to calculate the bond order is as follows:

Bondorder=12(numberofelectronsinbondingorbitalsnumberofelectronsinantibondingorbitals) (1)

Substitute 7 for the number of electrons in bonding orbitals and 4 for the number of electrons in antibonding orbitals in equation(1).

BondorderofB2=12(74)=1.5

The molecular orbital diagram of B2 is as follows:

Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change, Chapter 11, Problem 11.37P , additional homework tip  2

Substitute 6 for the number of electrons in bonding orbitals and 4 for the number of electrons in antibonding orbitals in equation(1).

BondorderofB2=12(64)=1

The molecular orbital diagram of B2+ is as follows:

Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change, Chapter 11, Problem 11.37P , additional homework tip  3

Substitute 5 for the number of electrons in bonding orbitals and 4 for the number of electrons in antibonding orbitals in equation(1).

BondorderofB2+=12(54)=0.5

Bond energy is directly proportional to the bond order. The highest bond order of B2 indicates that its bond is very strong and therefore bond energy of B2 will be the highest, followed by B2 and B2+ has the least bond energy.

So the order of decreasing bond energy is B2>B2>B2+.

Conclusion

The order of decreasing bond energy of B2+, B2 and B2 is B2>B2>B2+.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The order of decreasing bond length of B2+, B2 and B2 on the basis of the molecular orbital diagram is to be ranked.

Concept introduction:

A molecular orbital diagram is a tool that is used to describe the chemical bonding formed between different molecules. It is used to predict the bond strength and the electronic transitions that a molecule can undergo.

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 11.37P

The order of the decreasing bond length is B2+>B2>B2.

Explanation of Solution

The molecular orbital diagram of B2 is as follows:

Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change, Chapter 11, Problem 11.37P , additional homework tip  4

The formula to calculate the bond order is as follows:

Bondorder=12(numberofelectronsinbondingorbitalsnumberofelectronsinantibondingorbitals) (1)

Substitute 7 for the number of electrons in bonding orbitals and 4 for the number of electrons in antibonding orbitals in equation(1).

BondorderofB2=12(74)=1.5

The molecular orbital diagram of B2 is as follows:

Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change, Chapter 11, Problem 11.37P , additional homework tip  5

Substitute 6 for the number of electrons in bonding orbitals and 4 for the number of electrons in antibonding orbitals in equation(1).

BondorderofB2=12(64)=1

The molecular orbital diagram of B2+ is as follows:

Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change, Chapter 11, Problem 11.37P , additional homework tip  6

Substitute 5 for the number of electrons in bonding orbitals and 4 for the number of electrons in antibonding orbitals in equation(1).

BondorderofB2+=12(54)=0.5

Bond length decreases with the increase in bond energy. The highest bond order of B2 indicates that its bond is very strong and therefore the bond length of B2 will be the smallest, followed by B2 and B2+ has the largest bond length.

So the order of the decreasing bond length is B2+>B2>B2.

Conclusion

The order of the decreasing bond length is B2+>B2>B2.

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Chapter 11 Solutions

Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change

Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.3PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.4PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.5PCh. 11 - Give the number and type of hybrid orbital that...Ch. 11 - What is the hybridization of nitrogen in each of...Ch. 11 - What is the hybridization of carbon in each of the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.9PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.10PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.11PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.12PCh. 11 - Phosphine (PH3) reacts with borane (BH3) as...Ch. 11 - The illustrations below depict differences in...Ch. 11 - Use partial orbital diagrams to show how the...Ch. 11 - Use partial orbital diagrams to show how the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.17PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.18PCh. 11 - Methyl isocyanate, , is an intermediate in the...Ch. 11 - Are these statements true or false? Correct any...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.21PCh. 11 - Identify the hybrid orbitals used by the central...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.23PCh. 11 - Identify the hybrid orbitals used by the central...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.25PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.26PCh. 11 - Certain atomic orbitals on two atoms were combined...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.28PCh. 11 - Antibonding MOs always have at least one node. Can...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.30PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.31PCh. 11 - The molecular orbitals depicted are derived from...Ch. 11 - The molecular orbitals depicted below are derived...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.34PCh. 11 - Use an MO diagram and the bond order you obtain...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.36PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.37PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.38PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.39PCh. 11 - Epinephrine (or adrenaline; below) is a naturally...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.41PCh. 11 - Isoniazid (below) is an antibacterial agent that...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.43PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.44PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.45PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.46PCh. 11 - Tryptophan is one of the amino acids found in...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.48PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.49PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.50PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.51PCh. 11 - Prob. 11.52PCh. 11 - Sulfur forms oxides, oxoanions, and halides. What...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.54PCh. 11 - Use an MO diagram to find the bond order and...Ch. 11 - Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), the most widely...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.57P
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