Interpretation:
The amount of heat needed for the conversion of ice to steam, has to be calculated.
Concept Introduction:
Two types of phase transitions are involved in the conversion of ice to steam. Phase transition is the transfer of one phase to another. To convert ice to steam, first it is needed to convert it into liquid water. Then the liquid water can be converted into steam. By this way ice undergoes two types of phase transitions such as transfer of solid phase of ice to liquid phase. Then transfer of liquid phase to steam which is the gaseous phase.
Answer to Problem 11.76QP
The amount of heat needed to convert 866g of ice to steam is
Explanation of Solution
The amount of heat needed to convert ice to steam can be calculated as shown here:
1st phase transition: Melting of ice to liquid water:
The initial temperature is given as
In the melting of ice, let the final temperature be its melting point which is
Substituting all known values in the formula of heat transferred:
Converting joules into kilojoules:
Therefore,
The molar heat of fusion of water is
It is known that
Converting
Hence,
Therefore,
2nd phase transition: Vaporization of liquid water to steam:
Let the initial temperature be
In the vaporization of liquid water, let the final temperature be its boiling point which is
Substituting all known values in the formula of heat transferred:
Converting joules into kilojoules:
Therefore,
The molar heat of vaporization of water is
It is known that
Converting
Hence,
Therefore,
Heating water from
Let the initial temperature be
Substituting all known values in the formula of heat transferred:
Converting joules into kilojoules:
Therefore,
It is now known that
Therefore,
Hence, the amount of heat needed to conversion of 866g of ice to steam, is
Thus the amount of heat required to convert ice to steam has been calculated.
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Chapter 11 Solutions
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