Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The molecules or ions that can acts as nucleophile in nucleophilic substitution reactions have to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Nucleophile: A chemical species that donates an electron pair to form a
Electrophiles: A chemical species that accepts an electron pair are called as electrophiles. Electrophiles are positively charged or neutral species having vacant orbitals that are attracted to an electron rich center. It takes part in
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Chapter 11 Solutions
ACHIEVE/CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES ACCESS 2TERM
- Draw the organic product formed when the following compounds undergo a substitution reaction: (a) acetic acid and methylamine; (b) butanoic acid and 2-propanol; (c) formic acid and 2-methyl-1-propanol.arrow_forwardIdentify which of the following statement(s) is/are true. (f) Aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and esters all contain a carbonyl group. (g) A compound with the molecular formula of C3H6O may be either an aldehyde, a ketone, or a carboxylic acid. (h) Bond angles about the carbonyl carbon of an aldehyde, a ketone, a carboxylic acid, and an ester are all approximately 109.5°. (i) The molecular formula of the smallest aldehyde is C3H6O, and that of the smallest ketone is also C3H6O. (j) The molecular formula of the smallest carboxylic acid is C2H4O2.arrow_forwardDraw the organic product formed when the following com-pounds undergo a substitution reaction: (a) acetic acid and methylamine; (b) butanoic acid and 2-propanol; (c) formic acidand 2-methyl-1-propanol.arrow_forward
- When the conjugate acid of aniline, C6H5NH3+, reacts with the acetate ion, the following reaction takes place: C6H5NH3+(aq)+CH3COO(aq)C6H5NH2(aq)+CH3COOH(aq) If Kafor C6H5NH3+ is 1.35105 and Kafor CH3COOH is 1.86105 , what is K for the reaction?arrow_forwardAlkoxy radicals (R¬O # ) are generally more stable than alkyl (R # ) radicals. Write an equation showing an alkyl free radical (from burning gasoline) abstracting a hydrogen atom from tert-butyl alcohol, (CH 3)3COH. Explain why tert-butyl alcohol works as an antiknock additive for gasoline.arrow_forwardDraw the organic product formed when the followingcompounds undergo a substitution reaction: (a) acetic acid and1-hexanol; (b) propanoic acid and dimethylamine; (c) ethanoicacid and diethylamine.arrow_forward
- With the catalyst AlCl3 present, which reactant is needed to convert benzene to ethylbenzene?arrow_forwardWrite the chemical equation for a pentanoate ion acting as base when it reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCI). Which is formula of this rule of reaction?arrow_forward5.Write the structural formula of the ester that, when hydrolyzed, would yield the following:(a) methanol and propanoic acid(b) 1-octanol and acetic acid (c) ethanol and butanoic acidarrow_forward
- Core 2 (a) The structure of limonene is shown below. CH₂ CH₂ CH₂ CH CH₂ (i) What is the molecular formula of limonene? **********‒‒‒‒‒‒‒‒‒‒‒‒‒‒‒ (II) Some limonene was added to a few drops of aqueous bromine. What colour change would you see in the aqueous bromine? ************ (iii) What feature of a limonene molecule is responsible for this colour change? (iv) Name the two substances formed when limonene is burnt in an excess of oxygen.arrow_forwardIdentify each organic compound as an alkane, alkene, alkyne, aromatic hydrocarbon, alcohol, ether, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, ester, or amine, and provide a name for the compound. OH H;C-CH-CH2 H3Carrow_forwardThe foul odor of rancid butter is caused by butyric acid, CH3CH2CH2CO2H.(a) Draw the Lewis structure and determine the oxidation number and hybridization for each carbon atom in the molecule.(b) The esters formed from butyric acid are pleasant-smelling compounds found in fruits and used in perfumes. Draw the Lewis structure for the ester formed from the reaction of butyric acid with 2-propanol.arrow_forward
- Chemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage Learning
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