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For Questions 12 through 17, give a specific example of a process that has the energy changes and transfers described. (For example, if the question states “
∆Eth < 0, W = 0
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- Consider the process shown below. During steps AB and BC, 3600 J and 2400 J of heat, respectively, are added to the system. (a) Find the work done in each of the processes AB, BC, AD, and DC. (b) Find the internal energy change in processes AB and BC. (c) Find the internal energy difference between states C and A (d) Find the total heat added in the ADC process. (e) From the information given, can you find the heat added in process AD? Why or why not?arrow_forwardAn engine does 25 J of work and exhausts 10 J of waste heat during each cycle. TH= What is the engine's thermal efficiency? Express your answer as a percentage. 17 ΑΣΦ e= If the cold-reservoir temperature is 30 °C, what is the minimum possible temperature in °C of the hot reservoir? Express your answer in degrees Celsius. ? ΑΣΦ °C ?arrow_forwardAn electrical power station uses 1.58 x 10-4 J of heat input with an efficiency of 35.7%. (a) How much work is done? (b) How much waste heat is produced by the station? (c) What is the ratio of waste heat to work output? waste heat work outputarrow_forward
- Heating The amount of chemical potential energy stored in one gallon of heating oil is approximately 130 MJ. This is the amount of energy released as heat during combustion. (Note: 1.0 kWh = 3600 kW-sec = 3600 kJ = 3.6 MJ. Verify this equivalency and use it to answer the following question.) a. Suppose that during the winter, heating your home with oil may require an average of 6 gallons of oil per day. Assuming that to be the case, what is the average daily energy consumption? (Express your answer in kWh.) b. If the cost of heating oil is $3.00/gallon, what is the daily cost to heat your home? Use this information to find the cost of heating with oil in units of cents/kWh.arrow_forwardA heat engine receives 500 j of heat from its combustion process and loses 391 J through the exhaust and friction. What is it’s efficiency?arrow_forwardmmh One ounce of a well-known breakfast cereal contains 110 Calories (1 food Calorie = 4186 J). If 2.0% of this energy could be converted by a weight lifter's body into work done in lifting a barbell, *53. what is the heaviest barbell that could be lifted a distance of 2.1 m?arrow_forward
- 1st Law of Thermodynamics - Cyclic Process 1 In the figure, pressure PA=PB = 4.80 X 105 Pa. pressure P= P =1.6X 10° Pa. Volume VA = VD= 0.0016 m², V = 0.0064 m³ Don't use scientific notations in your answers. Calculate the work done from A to B. Include a proper sign. Keep 2 decimal places. Enter a number J Submit Calculate the heat from A to B. Include a proper sign. Keep 2 decimal places. Enter a number J Submit Pressure Calculate the change in internal energy from A to B. Include a proper sign. Keep 2 decimal places. Enter a number J Submit D m³ 3 B isotherm From B to C is an isothermal (constant temperature) process. Caculate the volume at point C. Keep 5 decimal places. Enter a number Submit C Volumearrow_forwardThe total consumption of electrical energy in the United States is about 1.37 x 1019 joules per year. ▼ Part A What is the average rate of electrical energy consumption in watts? VO ΑΣΦ Submit Request Answer Part B V Submit ΑΣΦ 4 If the population of the United States is 310 million, what is the average rate of electrical energy consumption per person? Give your answer in kilowatts per person. Request Answer B O ? 24 W 4 kW/personarrow_forward27 J of heat energy is transferred into an ideal gas and 46 J of work is done on the gas. What is the change in thermal energy, in Joules? Your answer needs to have 2 significant figures, including the negative sign in your answer if needed. Do not include the positive sign if the answer is positive. No unit is needed in your answer, it is already given in the question statement.arrow_forward
- please answer the following As a gasoline engine is running, an amount of gasoline containing 12,000 J of chemical potential energy is burned in 1 s. During that second, the engine does 4,000 J of work. What is the engine's efficiency (in percent)? The burning gasoline has a temperature of about 4,300°F (2,600 K). The waste heat from the engine flows into air at about 88°F (304 K). What is the Carnot efficiency (in percent) of a heat engine operating between these two temperatures?arrow_forwardThe heat supplied is 500 J. The heat loss to the environment is 160 J. Step 2 Calculation: Write the expression for the work output from the heat engine. W=Q1-Q2 Here, W is the useful workout, Q1 is the supplied heat, and Q2 is the heat loss. Substitute, all known values in the above expression. W=400 J-160 J=240 J Thus, the useful work is 240 J. What is the efficiency of the heat engine in the preceding problem at top? a) 32% b) 54% c) 68%. d) 75% e) 175%arrow_forwardA closed system undergoes a process during which 600 kJ of heat is added to the system and the stored energy increases by 1800 kJ. Calculate the work done.arrow_forward
- Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage Learning