Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The mechanisms of given reactions involved in cleavage of ethers by hydrogen iodide are to be explained.
Concept introduction:
Electrophiles are electron deficient species that have positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles that accept electron pair.
Nucleophiles are electron rich species that have negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles that donate electron pair.
Free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has unpaired electrons, which makes it highly chemically reactive.
Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a
Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.
Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.
Nucleophilic substitution reaction is a reaction in which an electron rich nucleophile attacks the positive or partial positive charge of an atom or a group of atoms to replace a leaving group.
The
The
An
The nucleophilic substitutions in which a nucleophile replaces a leaving group are known as
The stability of carbocation:
Ethers can be cleaved by hydrogen halides like
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ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-ETEXT REG ACCESS
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- Using your reaction roadmap as a guide, show how to convert 1-butanol and ethanol into racemic 2-ethoxy-1-butanol. You must use 1-butanol and ethanol as the source of all carbon atoms in the ether product. (1) (2) (3) OH (4) 2-ethoxy-1-butanol (racemic) OH OH (c) ethylene oxide Suggest reagents and experimental conditions for each step in this synthesis. From the choices provided, suggest appropriate reagents for each step. More than one reagent may be necessary. Use the minimum number of steps possible. Enter your answer as a letter, or a series of letters, in the order necessary to bring about the steps shown. Reagents: (a) (CH3)3 COK+, THF (d) H₂SO4, H₂O (b) OsO4, H₂O2 Br OH (e) m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA) (f) pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC) + 2 Oly (i) PBr3 (9) H₂SO4 (anhydrous) (h) NaOH (j) Na, NH3 (1) (k) NBS, heat (N-bromosuccinimide) Previous Next Save and Exit ?arrow_forward(a) The Friedel-Crafts reaction of benzene with 2-chloro-3-methylbutane in the presence of AlCl3 occurs with a carbocation rearrangement. Give mechanistic explanation and the product formed. (b) Predict the product(s) will be formed from the following reactions: (i) Bromination of p-methylbenzoic acid (ii) Sulphonation of m-bromoanisole (iii) Friedel-craft acylation of o-bromonitrobenzenearrow_forwardProvide the reagents required to complete the following transformations. (a) □ (b) на öd io: HỌ: 0.arrow_forward
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