Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780321821652
Author: Michael D. Johnson
Publisher: Benjamin Cummings
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Chapter 11, Problem 1TY
Which of the following statements correctly characterizes an action potential?
a. Action potentials are initiated by depolarization of the membrane to threshold.
b. Action potentials reverse the membrane potential so that the interior is negatively charged and the exterior is positively charged.
c. A stronger action potential will travel faster than a weaker action potential.
d. Action potentials are more likely to result when the membrane is hyperpolarized.
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There is a type of toxin found in the liver of the puffer fish that prevents the opening of voltage-gated Na+ channels in neurons. The effect of this toxin is to:
Group of answer choices
A. prevents the initiation of the action potential
B. depolarizes the membrane potential and maintains it depolarized
C. prolongs the return of the membrane potential to the resting level
D. increases the duration of the action potential
Which of the following statements is TRUE of the action potential?
A. At the peak of the action potential there are approximately an equal amount of open voltage gated sodium and potassium channels
B. To reach threshold the action potential requires the activity of sodium potassium pump
C. During the rising phase (prior to the peak) of the action potential more voltage gated sodium channels are open than voltage gated potassium channels
D. None of the choice options are TRUE of the action potential
E. The overshoot phase (below resting membrane potential) is a result of voltage gated sodium channels taking a long time to close.
A common feature of action potentials is that they(A) cause the membrane to hyperpolarize and then depolarize.(B) can undergo temporal and spatial summation.(C) are triggered by a depolarization that reaches threshold.(D) move at the same speed along all axons.
Chapter 11 Solutions
Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues
Ch. 11 - Prob. 1QCCh. 11 - Prob. 2QCCh. 11 -
1. Distinguish between the central nervous system...Ch. 11 - Explain what is meant by summation of graded...Ch. 11 - Describe, in terms of the opening and closing of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 4CRCh. 11 - Prob. 5CRCh. 11 -
6. List the three major divisions of the brain...Ch. 11 - Prob. 7CRCh. 11 - Prob. 8CR
Ch. 11 - Prob. 9CRCh. 11 - Prob. 10CRCh. 11 -
1. Which of the following statements correctly...Ch. 11 - Prob. 2TYCh. 11 - Prob. 3TYCh. 11 - What do multiple sclerosis and ALS (amyotropic...Ch. 11 - All of the following are directly involved in...Ch. 11 - An__________ neurotransmitter causes________ of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 7TYCh. 11 - Prob. 8TYCh. 11 - Prob. 9TYCh. 11 - Prob. 10TYCh. 11 - Prob. 11TYCh. 11 - Prob. 12TYCh. 11 - Prob. 13TYCh. 11 - Prob. 14TYCh. 11 - Prob. 15TYCh. 11 -
1. Explain in terms of brain anatomy and function...Ch. 11 - Prob. 2AWKCh. 11 - Prob. 3AWKCh. 11 - Prob. 4AWKCh. 11 - Prob. 5AWKCh. 11 - Prob. 6AWKCh. 11 - Prob. 7AWKCh. 11 -
8. Certain bacteria, such as those that cause...
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- Which of the following is true regarding the difference between graded and action potentials? a.) Action potential occur only when the surface of the neuron is myelinated, but graded potentials occur in both in both myelinated and non-myelinated neurons. b.) The magnitude of action potential depends on the magnitude of the stimulus, whereas graded potentials are all or none. c.) The magnitude of graded potential depends on the magnitude of the stimulus, whereas action potentials are all or none.arrow_forwardWhich one of these is an example of an excitatory postynaptic potential in a typical neuron? a) A voltage change from -70mV to -70.5mV b) A voltage change from +35mV to 0MV c) A voltage change from 0mV to +0.35mV d) A voltage change from -69.5mV to -70mVarrow_forwardSequence the following list of events of a neuronal action potential by placing 1 next to the first event, 2 next to the second event, and so on. a. _____ The activation gates of voltage-gated Na+ channels open, Na+ flood the cytoplasm, and depolarization occurs. b. _____ K+ continue to flow out of the axon until the membrane is hyperpolarized. c. _____ Local potentials cause the membrane to depolarize to threshold. d. _____ The inactivation gates of voltage-gated Na+ channels close as voltage-gated K+ channels open, K+ begin to exit the axon, and repolarization begins. e. _____ Repolarization continues and Na+ channels return to restingarrow_forward
- a.Would an action potential travels faster in an axon with a wide diameter or a small diameter? b. Would an action potential travel faster in an axon that is myelinated or unmyelinated?arrow_forwardIn the recording below, a neuron was bathed in a saline solution containing a pharmacologicalagent that altered the membrane currents being recorded. a) What ionic current is being recorded in these data? b) What pharmacological agent was likely used in this study and what did it do? c) Is the recorded ionic current transient or sustained and why?d) What is the role of this ionic current in the production of a neuronal action potential?arrow_forwardWhat membrane protein of the neuron is responsible for briefly increasing the Na+ permeability of the membrane during the rising phase of the nerve impulse? a. the sodium-potassium pump b. the voltage gated potassium channel c. the voltage gated sodium channel d. the stimulus gated sodium channel e. the ligand gated ion channelarrow_forward
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