EBK BIOLOGY
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780133954425
Author: Maier
Publisher: YUZU
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Question
Chapter 11, Problem 2CTS
Summary Introduction
To review:
The United State has an obligation to provide the low-cost anti TB drugs.
The steps that should be taken by the government and the funded agencies for combating the problem of drug resistant TB.
Introduction:
TB or Tuberculosis is a condition, in which bacteria infect a part of body. The main cause of the infection is the invasion of the bacterium Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. The bacteria generally infect the lungs and causes its fibrosis.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Drug-resistant TB can be acquired via sequential mutations in the pathogen’s genome, or via transmission of a resistant pathogen from another person. How can these events be distinguished? Why is it important to know which is more prevalent?
Which of the following statements about tuberculosis is FALSE?
TB came back to prominence after the emerging of new MDR (multidrug resistant) strains of M. tuberculosis.
O Most people exposed to M. tuberculosis will develop LTBI (latent TB infection).
Many tests are used to confirm active TB disease including chest X-ray, the skin tuberculin, and the IRGA blood
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The tuberculin skin test is not a good TB screening tool for people who have had the BCG vaccine.
True. What kind of vaccine is the BCG vaccine? What will be the tuberculin test result for someone who has
prior exposure to the pathogen?
You have just started work in the department of health of your country and the director has asked you to write a report reviewing a whole system approach for controlling the spread of tuberculosis. You must address each of the following bullet points:
- Identify the risk factors for spread of tuberculosis at an individual and population level. Compare the impact of these different risk factors and identify, based on evidence, which are the most important to address.
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- Although Lilly's project was focused on understanding the prevalence of resistance strains of M. tuberculosis in indigenous populations, she also knew that many patients infected with TB do not have an active disease, ie that the bacteria is latent in the infected lungs. M. tuberculosis is transmitted indirectly via air droplets that are inhaled in the large and small airways. In fact, although 30% of individuals exposed to the bacteria will develop an infection, only 5-10% will develop clinical manifestations. This means 20-25% of people exposed to the bacteria will have a latent disease. Although people with latent disease are not infectious and will not transmit the disease to other community members, latent disease is difficult to diagnose. This was really playing on Lilly's mind, thinking about the difficulty of controlling the spread of the bacteria when most infected people were asymptomatic for years and then suddenly developed active disease, which could then spread for weeks…arrow_forwardA 28-year-old patient is newly diagnosed with active TB. Which of the following drug combinations should be initiated in this patient? Ethambutol, pyrazinamide, rifampin, streptomycin Ethambutol, isoniazid, rifampin, streptomycin Ethambutol, pyrazinamide, rifampin, streptomycin Isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, ethambutolarrow_forwardWhy should LTBI cases complete TB treatment? Select all that apply. Group of answer choices None of these LTBI is communicable and they must accept treatment to prevent immediate spread. They may develop active TB later if they do not. Their immune system is healthy and less likely to experience severe side effects from treatment. Flag question: Question 3arrow_forward
- You have just started work in the department of health of USA and the director has asked you to write a report reviewing a whole system approach for controlling the spread of tuberculosis. You must address each of the following bullet points: a. Outline the plan for a national prevention programme and identify the key interventions to improve the uptake of nutrition in a chosen population. OR b. Outline the design of two policies that could be implemented on a local level to prevent related diseases.arrow_forwardWere the targets for the STOP TB Program achieved in the Philippines? Why? Why not?arrow_forwardWhat is MDR-TB? Is it communicable or non-communicable. Explain. Give at least 5 ways to prevent the spread of COVID-19.arrow_forward
- Mansah is an HIV patient who was also being treated in a hospital for TB. 1. List the medications that you expect Mansah to be given for i)TB if it is not drug resistant ii) HIV 2. Assuming you have a prescription with above medications and the patient is anemic i) Which other medications do you expect the clinical team to add to patient’s medication? ii) What drug related issues will you try to avoid in the treatment of Mansah’s condition?arrow_forwardThe time when a person who is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis is able to infect another person is during primary TB. True Falsearrow_forwardWhat is meant by the terms latent infection, active infection, tubercle, reactivation, extrapulmonary, secondary as they relate to TB and how can it be prevented?arrow_forward
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