Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781259277726
Author: Kenneth S. Saladin Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 11, Problem 2TYR
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
A skeletal muscle consists of various bundles of cells called muscle fibers.
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A bacterial toxin is known to block the release of ACh at the motor end plate of skeletal muscle. Consequently, a. the skeletal muscle contracts with increasing force. b. the skeletal muscle contracts with increasing frequency. c. the ability to stimulate the muscle is impaired. d. other neurotransmitters would stimulate the muscle.
Stimulation of a muscle fiber by a motor neuron occurs ata. the neuromuscular junction.b. the transverse tubules.c. the myofibril.d. the sarcoplasmic reticulum.e. none of the above.
When sarcomeres contract during muscle contraction, which of the following occurs?
A.
The myosin filaments lengthen.
B.
The myosin filaments "walk" along the actin microfilaments.
C.
The myosin filaments shorten.
D.
The actin filaments shorten.
Chapter 11 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function
Ch. 11.1 - Five physiological properties of all muscular...Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 11.1 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 11.1 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 11.1 - Prob. 2BYGOCh. 11.1 - Name and define the three layers of collagenous...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 11.2 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 11.2 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 11.2 - Prob. 4AYLO
Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 11.2 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 11.2 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 11.2 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 11.2 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 11.2 - Prob. 10AYLOCh. 11.3 - Motor units; the meanings of large and small motor...Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 11.3 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 11.3 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 11.3 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 11.3 - How an action potential differs from the RMP, and...Ch. 11.4 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 11.4 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 11.4 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 11.4 - Muscle relaxation; how the cessation of the nerve...Ch. 11.4 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 11.4 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 11.4 - Prob. 14BYGOCh. 11.5 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 11.5 - The phases of a muscle twitchCh. 11.5 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 11.5 - How recruitment and tetanus are produced and how...Ch. 11.5 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 11.5 - Prob. 18BYGOCh. 11.6 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 11.6 - Prob. 2AYLOCh. 11.6 - The use of myoglobin and aerobic respiration to...Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 11.6 - How anaerobic fermentation generates ATP after the...Ch. 11.6 - Why a muscle is able to switch back to aerobic...Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 11.6 - Vo2max, it partially determines ones ability to...Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 11.6 - Differences between slow oxidative and fast...Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 11AYLOCh. 11.6 - Examples of resistance exercise and endurance...Ch. 11.7 - Prob. 1AYLOCh. 11.7 - Structural differences between cardiomyocytes and...Ch. 11.7 - Prob. 3AYLOCh. 11.7 - Prob. 4AYLOCh. 11.7 - Prob. 5AYLOCh. 11.7 - Prob. 6AYLOCh. 11.7 - Prob. 7AYLOCh. 11.7 - Prob. 8AYLOCh. 11.7 - Prob. 9AYLOCh. 11.7 - Prob. 10AYLOCh. 11.7 - Prob. 11AYLOCh. 11.7 - Prob. 12AYLOCh. 11.7 - Prob. 13AYLOCh. 11.7 - Prob. 14AYLOCh. 11.7 - The role of smooth muscle in peristalsisCh. 11.7 - Prob. 16AYLOCh. 11.7 - Prob. 26BYGOCh. 11.7 - Prob. 28BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 1TYRCh. 11 - Prob. 2TYRCh. 11 - Prob. 3TYRCh. 11 - Prob. 4TYRCh. 11 - Prob. 5TYRCh. 11 - Prob. 6TYRCh. 11 - ACh receptors are found mainly in a. synaptic...Ch. 11 - Prob. 8TYRCh. 11 - Prob. 9TYRCh. 11 - Slow oxidative fibers have all of the following...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11TYRCh. 11 - Prob. 12TYRCh. 11 - Parts of the sarcoplasmic reticulum called ______...Ch. 11 - Prob. 14TYRCh. 11 - Prob. 15TYRCh. 11 - Prob. 16TYRCh. 11 - Prob. 17TYRCh. 11 - Prob. 18TYRCh. 11 - A state of continual partial muscle contraction is...Ch. 11 - Prob. 20TYRCh. 11 - Prob. 1BYMVCh. 11 - Prob. 2BYMVCh. 11 - dys-Ch. 11 - iso-Ch. 11 - Prob. 5BYMVCh. 11 - Prob. 6BYMVCh. 11 - Prob. 7BYMVCh. 11 - temporo-Ch. 11 - Prob. 9BYMVCh. 11 - Prob. 10BYMVCh. 11 - Prob. 1WWTSCh. 11 - Prob. 2WWTSCh. 11 - Prob. 3WWTSCh. 11 - Prob. 4WWTSCh. 11 - Thin filaments shorten when a muscle contracts.Ch. 11 - Smooth muscle lacks striations because it does not...Ch. 11 - Prob. 7WWTSCh. 11 - Prob. 8WWTSCh. 11 - Prob. 9WWTSCh. 11 - Prob. 10WWTSCh. 11 - Prob. 1TYCCh. 11 - Prob. 2TYCCh. 11 - Why would skeletal muscle be unsuitable for the...Ch. 11 - As skeletal muscle contracts, one or more bands of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 5TYCCh. 11 - Prob. 1BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 2BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 3BYGOCh. 11 - 4. What special terms are given to the plasma...Ch. 11 - Prob. 5BYGOCh. 11 - 6. List five proteins of the myofilaments and...Ch. 11 - Prob. 7BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 8BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 9BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 10BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 11BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 12BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 13BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 14BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 15BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 16BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 17BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 18BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 19BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 20BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 21BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 22BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 23BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 24BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 25BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 26BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 27BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 28BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 29BYGOCh. 11 - Prob. 30BYGO
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- All of the following characteristics apply to skeletal muscle except a. They are striated. b. They are multinucleated. c. They are voluntary. d. They contain intercalated discs. e. They are attached to the skeleton by means of tendons.arrow_forwardIf a muscle cell had very short T-tubules, how much tension would the muscle fiber create, relative to a normal muscle fiber? Assume sarcoplasmic reticulum can still react to activity at the neuromuscular junction. a)Less tension would be created. b) No difference in tension creation. c) More tension would be created. d) No tension would be created.arrow_forwardWhich is a false statement about skeletal muscle structure?a. A myofibril is composed of multiple muscle fibers.b. Most skeletal muscles attach to bones by connective-tissue tendons.c. Each end of a thick filament is surrounded by six thin filaments.d. A cross-bridge is a portion of the myosin molecule.e. Thin filaments contain actin, tropomyosin, and troponin.arrow_forward
- In a skeletal muscle fiber, Ca2+ is released from a. ACh receptors. b. the motor end plate. c. the sarcoplasmic reticulum. d. the sarcolemma and T-tubules.arrow_forwardThe function of Ca2+ in skeletal muscle contraction is toa. cause an allosteric change in myosin so it detaches from actin.b. provide the energy necessary for the movement of the cross-bridge.c. expose the myosin-binding sites on the thin filaments.d. bind to tropomyosin.e. do a and c only.arrow_forwardGraph A in this diagram represents A) summation and tetanus of a smooth muscle fibre. C) a simple skeletal muscle twitch c) summation and tetanus of a skeletal muscle fibre. D)simple smooth muscle twitch.arrow_forward
- Unlike skeletal muscle cells, cardiac muscle cells________." A do not use the sliding filament mechanism of contraction B are not striated C do not rely on an influx of Ca+2 for contraction to occur D do not require neural stimulation to contractarrow_forwardWhat happens to sarcomeres when actin and myosin filaments in a muscle fiber interact during the contraction phase? A) sarcomeres usually fatigue B) sarcomeres usually get shorter C) sarcomeres usually get longer D) sarcomeres stay the samearrow_forwardWhich of the following statements best describes the sliding filament mechanism of muscle contraction? a. Actin and myosin filaments do not shorten, but rather, slide past each other. b. Actin and myosin filaments shorten and slide past each other. c. As they slide past each other, actin filaments shorten, but myosin filaments do not shorten. d. As they slide past each other, myosin filaments shorten, but actin filaments do not shorten.arrow_forward
- Muscle relaxation occurs when ________. a. calcium ions are actively transported out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum b. calcium ions diffuse out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum c. calcium ions are actively transported into the sarcoplasmic reticulum d. calcium ions diffuse into the sarcoplasmic reticulumarrow_forwardDuring the contraction of a vertebrate skeletal muscle fiber,calcium ions(A) break cross-bridges as a cofactor in hydrolysis of ATP.(B) bind with troponin, changing its shape so that the myosinbinding sites on actin are exposed.(C) transmit action potentials from the motor neuron to themuscle fiber.(D) spread action potentials through the T tubules.arrow_forwardA skeletal muscle motor unit A.Is the number of muscle cells innervated by one motor neuron. B.Is the number of motor neurons innervating one muscle cell. C.Size determines the ability to control a muscle D.Size determines how much a muscle contracts at any one time.arrow_forward
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