Consider the following hypothetical reaction:
A 200.0-mL flask is filled with 0.120 moles of X. The disappearance of X is monitored at timed intervals. Assume that temperature and volume are kept constant. The data obtained are shown in the table below.
(a) Make a similar table for the appearance of Y.
(b) Calculate the average disappearance of X in M/S in the first two 20-minute intervals.
(c) What is the average rate of appearance of Y between the 20- and 60-minute intervals?
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Chapter 11 Solutions
Owlv2, 4 Terms (24 Months) Printed Access Card For Masterton/hurley's Chemistry: Principles And Reactions, 8th
- 11.17 Ammonia can react with oxygen to produce nitric oxide and water: 4NH3(g)+5O2(g)4NO(g)+6H2O(g) If the rate at which ammonia is consumed in a laboratory experiment is 4.23 ×10-4 mol L_1s_l, at what rate is oxygen consumed? At what rate is NO produced? At what rate is water vapor produced?arrow_forwardThe label on a bottle of 3% (by volume) hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, purchased at a grocery store, states that the solution should be stored in a cool, dark place. H2O2decomposes slowly over time, and the rate of decomposition increases with an increase in temperature and in the presence of light. However, the rate of decomposition increases dramatically if a small amount of powdered MnO- is added to the solution. The decomposition products are H2O and O2. MnO2 is not consumed in the reaction. Write the equation for the decomposition of H2O2. What role does MnO2 play? In the chemistry lab, a student substituted a chunk of MnO2 for the powdered compound. The reaction rate was not appreciably increased. WTiat is one possible explanation for this observation? Is MnO2 part of the stoichiometry of the decomposition of H2O2?arrow_forwardThe reaction for the Haber process, the industrial production of ammonia, is N2(g)+3H2(g)2NH3(g) Assume that under certain laboratory conditions ammonia is produced at the rate of 6.29 ×10-5 molL-1s-1. At what rate is nitrogen consumed? At what rate is hydrogen consumed?arrow_forward
- 11.93 On a particular day, the ozone level in Milwaukee exceeded the EPAs 1-hour standard of 0.12 ppin by 10 ppb. How many ozone molecules would be present in 1 liter of air at the detection site?arrow_forwardThe rate of the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, depends on the concentration of iodide ion present. The rate of decomposition was measured at constant temperature and pressure for various concentrations of H2O2and of KI. The data appear below. Determine the order of reaction for each substance, write the rate law, and evaluate the rate constant. Rate [H2OJ [Kll (mL min-’) (mol L ’) (mol L ’) 0.090 0.15 0.033 0.178 0.30 0.033 0.184 0.15 0.066arrow_forwardA reaction of the form aAProducts gives a plot of ln[A] versus time (in seconds), which is a straight line with a slope of 7.35 X 103. Assuming [A]0 = 0.0100 M, calculate the time (in seconds) required for the reaction to reach 22.9% completion.arrow_forward
- Candle wax is a mixture of hydrocarbons. In the reaction of oxygen with candle w ax in Figure 11.2, the rate of consumption of oxygen decreased with time after the flask was covered, and eventually' the flame went out. From the perspective of the kinetic-molecular theory, describe what is happening in the flask. FIGURE 11.2 When a candle burns in a closed container, the flame will diminish and eventually go out. As the amount of oxygen present decreases, the rate of combustion will also decrease. Eventually, the rate of combustion is no longer sufficient to sustain the flame even though there is still some oxygen present in the vessel.arrow_forwardConsider this scenario and answer the following questions: Chlorine atoms resulting from decomposition of chloro?uoromethanes, such as CCI2F2, catalyze the decomposition of ozone in the atmosphere. One simplified mechanism for the decomposition is: O3sunlightO2+O O3+CIO2+CIO CIO+OCI+O2 (a) Explain why chlorine atoms are catalysts in the gas-phase transformation: 2O33O2 (b) Nitric oxide is also involved in the decomposition of ozone by the mechanism: O3sunlightO2+O O3+NONO2+O2 NO2+ONO+O2 Is NO a catalyst for the decomposition? Explain your answer.arrow_forward11.41 For a drug to be effective in treating an illness, its levels in the bloodstream must be maintained for a period of time. One way to measure the level of a drug in the body is to measure its rate of appearance in the urine. The rate of excretion of penicillin is first order, with a half-life of about 30 min. If a person receives an injection of 25 mg of penicillin at t = 0, how much penicillin remains in the body after 3 hours?arrow_forward
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