EXPLORATIONS:INTRO.TO ASTRONOMY
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781260150513
Author: ARNY
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 11, Problem 3TQ
To determine
Discuss the possibility of formation of a planet from the asteroid belt.
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The Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous (NEAR), after traveling 2.1 billion kmkm, is meant to orbit the asteroid Eros at a height of about 15 kmkm. Eros is roughly 40km×km× 6km×km×6kmkm. Assume Eros has a density (mass/volume) of about 2.3×103kg/m32.3×103kg/m3.
Part A
What will be the period of NEAR as it orbits Eros?
A 0.872 km diameter asteroid will make a crater about 10 km in diameter. Let the asteroid have a density of 3000 kg/m3 and impact the surface at 22 km/sec. Assuming a spherical asteroid, what is the kinetic energy (in joule) of the asteroid? Convert the answer to megatons of TNT, where 1 megaton is about 4 × 1015 joule. For comparison, the most energetic weapon in the human arsenal is about 100 megatons.
What is the relative velocity and impact energy of the Earth and an asteroid on 10/8/2023 with:
a) a diameter of 25 meters, aphelion at the Earth and perihelion at Venus
b) a diameter of 1 km and perihelion at Earth and aphelion in the asteroid belt (2.5 AU)
Chapter 11 Solutions
EXPLORATIONS:INTRO.TO ASTRONOMY
Ch. 11 - Prob. 1QFRCh. 11 - Prob. 2QFRCh. 11 - How is a meteor heated?Ch. 11 - Prob. 4QFRCh. 11 - Where are most asteroids found?Ch. 11 - Prob. 6QFRCh. 11 - (11.2) How do we know that asteroids have a...Ch. 11 - Prob. 8QFRCh. 11 - Prob. 9QFRCh. 11 - Prob. 10QFR
Ch. 11 - Prob. 11QFRCh. 11 - Prob. 12QFRCh. 11 - Prob. 13QFRCh. 11 - Prob. 14QFRCh. 11 - Prob. 15QFRCh. 11 - Prob. 16QFRCh. 11 - What creates meteor showers? When do some occur?Ch. 11 - Prob. 18QFRCh. 11 - Prob. 19QFRCh. 11 - Prob. 20QFRCh. 11 - Prob. 1TQCh. 11 - Prob. 2TQCh. 11 - Prob. 3TQCh. 11 - Prob. 4TQCh. 11 - Prob. 5TQCh. 11 - Prob. 6TQCh. 11 - Prob. 7TQCh. 11 - Prob. 8TQCh. 11 - Prob. 1PCh. 11 - Prob. 2PCh. 11 - Prob. 3PCh. 11 - Prob. 4PCh. 11 - Prob. 5PCh. 11 - Prob. 6PCh. 11 - Prob. 7PCh. 11 - Prob. 8PCh. 11 - Prob. 9PCh. 11 - Prob. 10PCh. 11 - Prob. 11PCh. 11 - Prob. 1TYCh. 11 - Prob. 2TYCh. 11 - Prob. 3TYCh. 11 - Prob. 4TYCh. 11 - Prob. 5TYCh. 11 - Prob. 6TYCh. 11 - Prob. 7TYCh. 11 - Prob. 8TYCh. 11 - Prob. 9TYCh. 11 - Prob. 10TYCh. 11 - Prob. 11TY
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- What is the period of revolution about the Sun for an asteroid with a semi-major axis of 3 AU in the middle of the asteroid belt?arrow_forwardCompare asteroids of the asteroid belt with Earth-approaching asteroids. What is the main difference between the two groups?arrow_forwardGive at least two reasons today’s astronomers are so interested in the discovery of additional Earthapproaching asteroids.arrow_forward
- The Tunguska asteroid is estimated to have had a diameter of 50 m, and to have produced an explosion equivalent to 10 megatons of TNT (1 megaton = 4.2 x 1015 joules). Assume that the asteroid was a sphere with density 2 g/cm3. Using the kinetic energy formula K = ½ mv2, where m is the mass and v is the speed, to estimate the speed of the asteroid. Assume that all kinetic energy is converted into the energy of the explosion. Give your answer in km/s with one significant figure.arrow_forwardThe condensation sequence predicts that asteroids consisting of carbonaceous material would form a. in the inner solar system where it is warmer. b. at random locations then migrating to the outer asteroid belt due to the gravitational influence of Jupiter and Saturn. c. in the outer solar system where it is very cold. d. between the orbits of Jupiter and Saturn. e. in the outer asteroid belt where it is cooler.arrow_forwardSuppose an asteroid has a semimajor axis of 4 AU. How long does it take the asteroid to go around the Sun? (a) 2 years (b) 4 years (c) 6 years (d) 8 yearsarrow_forward
- Which of the following about comets is TRUE? a. Cometary orbits always lie close to the ecliptic plane b. Long period comets must originate from well beyond even the Kuiper Belt c. The Oort cloud is the large cloud of gas surrounding a comet nucleus while it is near the Sun d. Tails of comets always lie along the path of the orbitarrow_forwardWhy is the composition of a comet typically dominated by volatile materials (frozen ices)? choose one of the following: a. rock and metal could not condense out of the solar nebula at extreme distances from the sun b. most of the metal in the solar system is locked up inside the terrestrial planets c. metals are not stable in the outer solar system d. elements that form ices (as opposed to rock & metals) are more abundant in our solar systemarrow_forwardA 1.029 km diameter asteroid will make a crater about 10 km in diameter. Let the asteroid have a density of 3000 kg/m3 and impact the surface at 19km/sec. Assuming a spherical asteroid, what is the kinetic energy (in joule) of the asteroid ? Convert the answer to megatons of TNT, where 1 Megaton is about 4x1015 joule l. For comparison, the most energentic weapon in the human arsenal is about 100 megatonsarrow_forward
- The ___________________ meteorites could have formed in the crust of a large asteroid that was later fragmented. a. chondrite b. iron c. achondrite d. M-type e. chondrulearrow_forwardover a period of time an asteroid's mass increases by 40% while its speed decreased by 25%. By what percentage was the asteroid's kinetic energy decreased?arrow_forwardWhat evidence indicates that the asteroids are mostly fragments of larger bodies?arrow_forward
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