Chapter 11, Problem 64E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The reaction, $\text{Na}\left(s\right)+{\text{ H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)\to$, is to completed and balanced.

Concept introduction:

A balanced chemical equation is the representation of the chemical reaction in the form an equation with the chemical formula of the reactants on the left-hand side and products on the right-hand side with their states.

Answer to Problem 64E

The completed and balanced chemical equation is shown below.

$\text{2Na}\left(s\right)+2{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)\to 2\text{NaOH}\left(aq\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)$

Explanation of Solution

The products of the reaction of an alkali metal with water are hydroxide of the metal and hydrogen gas. This reaction is a replacement reaction in which the hydrogen ion is replaced by the metal.

The complete reaction is shown below.

$\text{Na}\left(s\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)\to \text{NaOH}\left(aq\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)$

The number of hydrogen atoms on both sides is not balanced. Balance them by multiplying the ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$ by the factor of the half on the right-hand side of the equation.

$\text{Na}\left(s\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)\to \text{NaOH}\left(aq\right)+\frac{1}{2}{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)$

The number of atoms on both sides is now balanced but in a balanced chemical equation, there is never fraction stoichiometry. Therefore, the whole equation will be multiplied by two to balance properly.

$\text{2Na}\left(s\right)+2{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)\to 2\text{NaOH}\left(aq\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\left(g\right)$

The equation is now completed and balanced.

Conclusion

The completed and balanced chemical equation is rightfully stated above.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The reaction, ${\text{K}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(s\right)+{\text{ H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)\to$, is to completed and balanced.

Concept introduction:

A balanced chemical equation is the representation of the chemical reaction in the form an equation with the chemical formula of the reactants on the left-hand side and products on the right-hand side with their states.

Answer to Problem 64E

The completed and balanced chemical equation is shown below.

${\text{K}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(s\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)\to 2\text{KOH}\left(aq\right)$

Explanation of Solution

The metal oxides react with water to give their hydroxides as products. The products of the reaction of ${\text{K}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(s\right)+{\text{ H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)\to$ is $\text{KOH}$.

The complete reaction is shown below.

${\text{K}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(s\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)\to \text{KOH}\left(aq\right)$

The number of sodium atoms on both sides is not balanced. Balance them by multiplying $\text{NaOH}$ by the factor of the two on the right-hand side of the equation.

${\text{K}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(s\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)\to 2\text{KOH}\left(aq\right)$

The equation is now completed and balanced.

Conclusion

The completed and balanced chemical equation is rightfully stated above.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The reaction, ${\text{N}}_2{\text{O}}_3\left(g\right)+{\text{ H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)\to$, is to completed and balanced.

Concept introduction:

A balanced chemical equation is the representation of the chemical reaction in the form an equation with the chemical formula of the reactants on the left-hand side and products on the right-hand side with their states.

Answer to Problem 64E

The completed and balanced chemical equation is shown below.

${\text{N}}_2{\text{O}}_3\left(g\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)\to 2{\text{HNO}}_2\left(aq\right)$

Explanation of Solution

Carbon dioxide reacts with water to produce carbonic acid. All non-metals react with water to give their respective acids. The products of the reaction of ${\text{N}}_2{\text{O}}_3\left(g\right)+{\text{ H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)\to$ is ${\text{HNO}}_2$.

The complete reaction is shown below.

${\text{N}}_2{\text{O}}_3\left(g\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)\to {\text{HNO}}_2\left(aq\right)$

The number of nitrogen atoms is not balanced on both sides. Balance them by multiplying ${\text{HNO}}_2$ by two on the right-hand side of the equation.

${\text{N}}_2{\text{O}}_3\left(g\right)+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(l\right)\to 2{\text{HNO}}_2\left(aq\right)$

The equation is now completed and balanced.

Conclusion

The completed and balanced chemical equation is rightfully stated above.