Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The position of equilibrium for the reaction of phenol and hydroxide ion by comparing the
Concept introduction:
An acid is a chemical substance that readily donates protons and a base is a chemical substance that can easily accept a proton.
During an acid-base reaction, the interaction between an acid and a base is taken place because of the transfer of a proton.
The stronger the acid, the smaller its
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- Rank the following compounds in order of increasing acidity (1 = least acidic, 3 = most acidic) and in the space provided use resonance (of the conjugate base) to explain why the compound you have labelled “3” is the most acidic.arrow_forwardArrange the following compounds in the increasing order of their acid strength: p-cresol, p-nitrophenol, phenolarrow_forwardRank the pKa values of acetic acid, ethanol, phenol, and explain the reason in detailarrow_forward
- Treatment of indene with NaNH2 forms its conjugate base in a Brønsted–Lowry acid–base reaction. Draw all reasonable resonance structures forindene's conjugate base, and explain why the pKa of indene is lower thanthe pKa of most hydrocarbons.arrow_forwardRank these benzoic acid species in order of decreasing acidity.arrow_forwardAccording to the Evan's pKa table, phenol has a pKa of 9.95. p-Nitro and m-nitrophenol have pKas of 7.14 and 8.35 respectively. Using resonance structures, explain the observed trends in the acidity of these molecules.arrow_forward
- What is the correct way to arrange the numbered protons in increasing order of acidity and why?arrow_forwardWrite out the steps necessary to convert the compound on the left into the compound on the right using a diazonium salt at least oncearrow_forwardWhich is a stronger acid and has the most stable conjugate base? Estimate the pKA values for both compounds.arrow_forward
- Treatment of indene with NaNH2 forms its conjugate base in a Brønsted– Lowry acid–base reaction. Draw all reasonable resonance structures for indene's conjugate base, and explain why the pKa of indene is lower than the pKa of most hydrocarbons.arrow_forwardTreatment of indene with NaNH2 forms its conjugate base in a Brønsted–Lowry acid–base reaction. Draw all reasonable resonance structures for indene’s conjugate base, and explain why the pKa of indene is lower than the pKa of most hydrocarbons.arrow_forwardexplain in great detail why the pKa values are what they are and compare them among the three compounds. The conjugate acids that are protonated are drawn in red for each compound. Which one based on the pKa is most acidic and what does that tell you about how basic their lone pairs are?arrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning