Concept explainers
The following problems are related to the topics in this chapter. However, they do not all follow the chapter order, and they require you to combine concepts and skills from several sections. These problems will help you increase your critical thinking skills and prepare for your next exam.
12.147 Calculate the freezing point of each of the following solutions:
a.
b.
c.
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EBK BASIC CHEMISTRY
- The freezing point of 0.109 m aqueous formic acid is 0.210C. Formic acid, HCHO2, is partially dissociated according to the equation HCHO2(aq)H+(aq)+CHO2(aq) Calculate the percentage of HCHO2 molecules that are dissociated, assuming the equation for the freezing-point depression holds for the total concentration of molecules and ions in the solution.arrow_forwardA 0.109 mol/kg aqueous solution of formic acid, HCOOH, freezes at −0.210 °C. Calculate the percent dissociation of formic acid.arrow_forwardThe freezing point of a 0.21 m aqueous solution of H2SO4 is -0.796C. (a) What is i? (b) Is the solution made up primarily of (i) H2SO4 molecules only? (ii) H+ and HSO4- ions? (iii) 2H+ and 1SO42- ions?arrow_forward
- You drop an ice cube (made from pure water) into a saltwater solution at 0C. Explain what happens and why.arrow_forwardFor each of the following pairs of solutions, select the solution for which solute solubility is greatest. a. Ammonia gas in water with P = 1 atm and T = 50C Ammonia gas in water with P = 1 atm and T = 90C b. Carbon dioxide gas in water with P = 2 atm and T = 50C Carbon dioxide gas in water with P = 1 atm and T = 50C c. Table salt in water with P = 1 atm and T = 60C Table salt in water with P = 1 atm and T = 50C d. Table sugar in water with P = 2 atm and T = 40C Table sugar in water with P = 1 atm and T = 70Carrow_forwardThe following table lists the concentrations of the principal ions in seawater: (a) Calculate the freezing point of seawater. (b) Calculate the osmotic pressure of seawater at 25 C. What is the minimum pressure needed to purify seawater by reverse osmosis?arrow_forward
- 6-22 Answer true or false. (a) Water is a good solvent for ionic compounds because water is a polar liquid. (b) Small covalent compounds dissolve in water if they can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. (c) The solubility of ionic compounds in water generally increases as temperature increases. (d) The solubility of gases in liquids generally increases as temperature increases. (e) Pressure has little effect on the solubility of liquids in liquids. (f) Pressure has a major effect on the solubility of gases in liquids. (g) In general, the greater the pressure of a gas over water, the greater the solubility of the gas in water. (h) Oxygen, O2, is insoluble in water.arrow_forwardWhat is the freezing point of a solution of dibromobenzene, C6H4Br2, in 0.250 kg of benzene, if the solution boils at 83.5 C?arrow_forwardFor each of the following pairs of solutions, select the solution for which solute solubility is greatest. a. Oxygen gas in water with P = 1 atm and T = 10C Oxygen gas in water with P = 1 atm and T = 20C b. Nitrogen gas in water with P = 2 atm and T = 50C Nitrogen gas in water with P = 1 atm and T = 70C c. Table salt in water with P = 1 atm and T = 40C Table salt in water with P = 1 atm and T = 70C d. Table sugar in water with P = 3 atm and T = 30C Table sugar in water with P = 1 atm and T = 80Carrow_forward
- Fructose, C6H12O6, is a sugar occurring in honey and fruits. The sweetest sugar, it is nearly twice as sweet as sucrose (cane or beet sugar). How much water should be added to 1.75 g of fructose to give a 0.125 m solution?arrow_forwardButane, C4H10, has been suggested as the refrigerant in household compressors such as those found in air conditioners. (a) To what extent is butane soluble in water? Calculate the butane concentration in water if the pressure of the gas is 0.21 atm. (kH = 0.0011 mol/kgbar at 25 C) (b) If the pressure of butane is increased to 1.0 atm, does the butane concentration increase or decrease?arrow_forwardWill red blood cells swell, remain the same size, or shrink when placed in each of the solutions in Problem 8-102?arrow_forward
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